Jump to content

World Championship Wrestling

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Boston Brawl (1998))
This article is about the American professional wrestling promotion. For other uses, see World Championship Wrestling (disambiguation).
"WCW" redirects here. For other uses, see WCW (disambiguation).

World Championship Wrestling, Inc.
World Championship Wrestling
Formerly
  • Universal Wrestling Corporation (1988, 2001–2017)
  • World Championship Wrestling, Inc. (1988–2001)
Company type
IndustryProfessional wrestling
Predecessor
FoundedOctober 11, 1988[1]
FounderTed Turner
Defunct
  • March 31, 2001 (de facto)
  • December 16, 2017 (de jure)
FateDeactivated and renamed by AOL Time Warner, later merged with Turner Broadcasting System; selected assets purchased by the WWF
SuccessorWWE brands
HeadquartersWilliams Street
Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Area served
Worldwide
ProductsTelevision programming, Internet programming, and merchandise
Revenue~$500 million (1999)[2]
Number of employees
c. 150 (March 1998)[3]
Parent
WebsiteWCW Wrestling (archived)
WCW on WWE.com

World Championship Wrestling (WCW) was an American professional wrestling promotion founded by Ted Turner in 1988, after Turner Broadcasting System, through a subsidiary named Universal Wrestling Corporation, purchased the assets of National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) territory Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP) (which had aired its programming on TBS).

For all of its existence, WCW was one of the two top professional wrestling promotions in the United States alongside the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE), at one point surpassing the latter in terms of popularity.[4] After initial success through utilization of established wrestling stars of the 1980s, the company appointed Eric Bischoff to executive producer of television in 1993. Under Bischoff's leadership, the company enjoyed a period of mainstream success characterized by a shift to reality-based storylines, and notable hirings of former WWF talent.[5] WCW also gained attention for developing a popular cruiserweight division, which showcased an acrobatic, fast-paced, lucha libre-inspired style of wrestling.[6] In 1995, WCW debuted their live flagship television program Monday Nitro, and subsequently developed a ratings competition against the flagship program of the WWF, Monday Night Raw, in a period now known as the Monday Night War. From 1996 to 1998, WCW surpassed their rival program in the ratings for 83 consecutive weeks.[7]

Beginning in 1999, WCW endured significant losses in ratings and revenue due to creative missteps and suffered from the fallout from the 2001 merger of America Online (AOL) and Turner Broadcasting parent Time Warner (later WarnerMedia, now known as Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD)). Soon thereafter, WCW was shut down, and the WWF purchased select WCW assets in 2001, including its video library, intellectual property (including the WCW name and championships), and some wrestler contracts.[8][9] The corporate subsidiary, which was retained to deal with legal obligations and reverted to the Universal Wrestling Corporation name, officially became defunct in 2017. Its headquarters were located in Smyrna, Georgia.[10]

History

[edit]
Main article: History of World Championship Wrestling

1982 to 1993: Origins, creation, and NWA membership

[edit]

"World Championship Wrestling" was a television show produced by Georgia Championship Wrestling (GCW) since 1982. Jim Barnett (who had briefly owned the Australian promotion of that name) came to Atlanta in the 1970s during an internal struggle for control of GCW.[11] Barnett ultimately became majority owner of the promotion, and began using his previous promotion's name for GCW's weekly Saturday television program in 1982. Following the events that became known as Black Saturday, in which GCW and its television program briefly came under the ownership of the WWF, the promotion was eventually purchased by Charlotte, North Carolina-based Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP), the promoter of the Mid-Atlantic territory immediately north of Georgia.

Influential wrestling magazine Pro Wrestling Illustrated and its sister publications thereafter habitually referred to JCP as "World Championship Wrestling", "WCW" and most commonly "the World Championship area" and continued to do so until early 1988 when it began referring to the company solely as the NWA, reasoning that "it has become apparent that the NWA and the World Championship area are one and the same."[12][13]

By late 1988, JCP was financially struggling after further territory acquisitions. Ted Turner, the namesake principal owner of Turner Broadcasting System, formed a new subsidiary in October 1988 to acquire most of the assets of JCP. The acquisition was completed on November 2, 1988. While initially the subsidiary was incorporated as the "Universal Wrestling Corporation", following the purchase the decision was made to utilize the familiar "World Championship Wrestling" as the name for the promotion.[14]

In late Summer/early Autumn 1993, a behind-the-scenes dispute between WCW and the NWA Board of Directors over who had the right to authorize NWA World Heavyweight Championship title changes ultimately resulted in WCW formally withdrawing from the NWA and becoming a standalone wrestling promotion.[14][15]

1993 to 1996: Eric Bischoff takes charge; launch of WCW Monday Nitro

[edit]

In February 1993 former commentator Eric Bischoff was appointed as Executive Producer of WCW,[16][17] and by 1994 he had been promoted once again to Senior Vice President,[18] a position which gave Bischoff both creative and financial control of WCW. At this point, the promotion was struggling financially[note 1] and was widely perceived within the wrestling industry to be at a low ebb. To counter this, Bischoff felt that WCW was in need of radical reform; to this end, Bischoff sought to modernise WCW and move its image away from that of a Southern-based "rasslin" company. To achieve this, Bischoff increased WCW's production values, avoided unprofitable house shows, increased the number of WCW pay-per-views (PPVs, which were profitable), decreased the number of Southern accents on commentary, and began recruiting top stars away from the World Wrestling Federation (WWF).[20] This led to marquee names such as Hulk Hogan and "The Macho Man" Randy Savage joining WCW's ranks and helping to supplement its business.[21][22]

In 1995, during a face-to-face meeting with Ted Turner, Bischoff was able to convince Turner that in order for WCW to become competitive with the WWF, WCW would require an equivalent to WWF's new flagship cable show WWF Raw, which aired on the USA Network.[23] The meeting led to Turner greenlighting the creation of WCW Monday Nitro, which would air on TNT on the same day and in the same time slot as Raw.[23] Nitro would debut on September 4, 1995, and directly lead into the Monday Night War era of professional wrestling, in which WCW Nitro and WWF Raw would fiercely compete to beat each other in the Nielson ratings each and every week. The struggle between the two promotions, each one attempting to produce the best television show possible each week, led to an explosion in the popularity of professional wrestling in the United States and in hindsight is widely considered a golden era.

1996 to 1998: WCW's exponential growth; Nitro defeats Raw for 83 weeks

[edit]
Main articles: Monday Night War and New World Order (professional wrestling)
Kevin Nash
"Hollywood" Hulk Hogan
Scott Hall
The creation of the New World Order stable was a pivotal movement in WCW History and coincided with WCW Nitro overtaking WWF Raw in the Nielsen ratings
  • "Surfer" Sting
  • pre-1996
  • "Crow" Sting
  • 1996 onwards
As part of the tonal shifts that occurred in WCW under Eric Bischoff, performers such as Sting dramatically altered their personas

WCW Monday Nitro proved a success for the company, which was immediately able to create a television audience of an equivalent size to WWF Raw. Between September 1995 and May 1996, Nitro and Raw regularly traded victories in the battle for the largest television audience. However, in June 1996, Nitro would begin a streak of 83 constructive victories over Raw, initially sparked by the start of the New World Order (nWo) storyline.[24][25] The start of the nWo angle saw former WWF talent Scott Hall and Kevin Nash unexpectedly leave the WWF to come to Monday Nitro on consecutive episodes, and each time insinuate that they were there on behalf of the WWF to fight a proxy war.[14][24] They also alleged that they would soon be joined by a third major figure; this "third man" was eventually revealed to be Hulk Hogan at Bash at the Beach 1996. A major advantage WCW Nitro initially had over WWF Raw was that Nitro was live-to-air every week, while Raw alternated between live episodes and ones taped in advance and aired the following week. Nitro's live atmosphere enhanced segments such as the Hall and Nash debuts as it gave the show an unscripted, "anything can happen at any time" feeling to the television audience.

The start of the nWo angle, which immediately proved immensely popular and intriguing to wrestling fans,[26] was part of a wider shift in the WCW presentation still being pursued by Eric Bischoff. As part of his overhaul of WCW, Bischoff wanted to grow WCW's audience amongst 18 to 35-year-olds.[27] To that end, he alongside WCW's booker Kevin Sullivan[28] began grounding WCW characters and storylines more in reality, utilising real names and darker themes in contrast to the more cartoon-like presentation which had dominated wrestling in the 1980s and early 90s. An example of this shift in tone was seen in the transformation of top WCW star Sting over the course of 1996 following the start of the nWo angle, whose persona shifted from a colorful and cheerful clean-cut face to a dark, depressed and brooding antihero inspired by the 1994 film The Crow.[14][29][note 2] Another major innovation occurring concurrently in WCW was the introduction of the Cruiserweight division, which saw the introduction of smaller, more agile and more athletic wrestlers performing fast-paced, high-flying dangerous matches on WCW shows.[30] This added another unique element to WCW shows that helped propel their surging popularity.

The combination of a more adult-orientated presentation, live and unedited television, more reality-based storylines, new top-level talent, new and intriguing characters, and more varied in-ring action saw WCW's fortunes dramatically shift; the company went from struggling financially as late as 1995 to generating $55 million in profit in 1998.[31] December 1997's Starrcade pay-per-view (PPV) event became the highest-grossing PPV of all time for the company, thanks in large part to the show being billed as the culmination of a year-and-a-half feud between Sting and "Hollywood" Hulk Hogan.[14][32][33]

1998 to 2001: Leadership changes; collapse and eventual demise

[edit]

1996 and 1997 had been banner years for WCW, with profits and popularity soaring. 1998 saw profits continue to rise. However, maintaining the quality of the shows became difficult, particularly after WCW's owners Time Warner Entertainment (who bought Turner Broadcasting System in 1996) ordered the creation of a second live cable WCW program WCW Thunder, to air on Thursdays on TBS Superstation starting on January 8, 1998,[14][34] as well as ordering a third hour to be added to Nitro's runtime.[34] Nonetheless, the creation of new major headline babyface stars such as Diamond Dallas Page and Goldberg were causes for optimism, making the company initially less dependent on the nWo storyline for ratings. However, beginning in Spring 1998, WCW began an angle which saw the nWo split into a heel faction, nWo Hollywood (centered around "Hollywood" Hulk Hogan), and the rival face nWo Wolfpac (consisting of stars such as Kevin Nash, Sting, Lex Luger and Konnan). Speaking in hindsight in 2023, Eric Bischoff has said the angle was rushed, ill-conceived and had no long-term direction.[35] By this point, many critics began to argue that WCW was now completely overreliant on the nWo storyline and unable to pivot to a new grand concept. Additionally, beginning in the summer of 1998, Bischoff has claimed that Time Warner Entertainment management began to increasingly micromanage WCW and meddle in its presentation. Executives at Time Warner Entertainment began to increasingly advocate that WCW should pivot to more a "family-friendly" orientation, and drop the reforms that turned around the company's fortunes.[26]

Concurrently to WCW beginning to struggle under the weight of its own momentum, the WWF began to turn the corner on its own reforms. Having been caught flatfooted by the total reconfiguration of WCW and the success of Nitro in 1996 and 1997, by 1998 the WWF was building its own momentum. Taking most of the innovations WCW had implemented and reapplying them to their own presentation, WWF began its "Attitude Era". Building around newly emerging stars such as Stone Cold Steve Austin and The Rock, as well as WWF promoter Vince McMahon becoming a major on-screen character himself, the WWF finally ended Nitro's 83 weeks of ratings victories on April 13, 1998. For the next four months, Nitro and Raw would trade wins until October 26, 1998, when Nitro scored its last-ever ratings victory over Raw. The combined pressure of the WWF seizing back the ratings lead as well as WCW's own internal problem caused tension amongst both the on-screen talent and management.

By November 1998 Kevin Nash had become head booker of WCW, overseeing the creative direction of both Nitro and Thunder.[36][37] Nash's tenure was fraught with unpopular decisions, such as the move that saw the popular undefeated streak of WCW Champion Goldberg ended by Nash himself, who then became champion,[38] only for Nash to then lay down for Hollywood Hogan and reform a reunited nWo in the widely panned "Fingerpoke of Doom" angle.[14][39][40][41]

Bischoff removed from power; Vince Russo and Ed Ferrera arrive

[edit]
Main article: Vince Russo in World Championship Wrestling

By September 1999, the rapidly declining ratings of Nitro (now half that of Raw), drastic dropoff in revenue,[31][note 3] and the increasing antagonism between Eric Bischoff and Time Warner executives prompted the head of Turner Sports, Harvey Schiller, to relieve Bischoff of his position.[14][31][42] Almost immediately Schiller found a duo to replace Bischoff: former head writers for Raw Vince Russo and Ed Ferrera.[14][43] Russo had just weeks prior walked off the job at the WWF after a dispute with Vince McMahon over work hours, and Ed Ferrera soon followed.[43][44] Russo and Ferrera were heralded at the time as the main drivers in the turnaround at WWF over the previous two years with their writing philosophy of "Crash TV",[43] a presentation style that emphasized Soap opera style storylines, lengthier non-wrestling segments, frequent heel/face turns, an increased amount of female representation on the show, expanded storyline depth, frequent title changes, and a greater focus on developing mid-card talent.[45]

The tenure of Russo and Ferrera at the creative helm of WCW was short-lived; by March 2000 the pair had been suspended from their positions as their provocative and edgy angles caused constant protest from AOL Time Warner executives. AOL and Time Warner had merged in January 2000 and, according to Bischoff and Russo, headquarters′ eagerness to tone down WCW had only grown more intense because of this.[46]

Mounting frustrations amongst the talent resulted in many leaving WCW for the WWF; The Giant and Chris Jericho were the first major talent to "jump" to the WWF in 1999, but they were soon followed by many others. Chris Benoit (WCW World Champion at the time), Dean Malenko, Eddie Guerrero and Perry Saturn, who performed together on WCW television as "The Revolution", all collectively walked out of WCW and over to the WWF in January 2000,[47] an incident which resulted in a number of firings amongst WCW management. With shakeups to WCW management becoming more and more frequent, the WCW talent began to lose any sense of leadership or direction, which in turn caused them to form bickering political cliques amongst themselves.

Bischoff and Russo collaboration

[edit]
Main articles: David Arquette in World Championship Wrestling and Bash at the Beach (2000) § Controversy

In April 2000, WCW attempted to resolve its creative issues by asking Eric Bischoff to return but work alongside Vince Russo as a duo.[14] The pairing was not cohesive and frequently chafed over the direction of the company. Creatively, the year 2000 saw WCW attempt numerous publicity stunts to gain traction, such as making actor David Arquette (who then had no professional wrestling experience) the WCW World Heavyweight Champion.[48] These moves only served to push traditional wrestling fans away from WCW.[48] Events such as Goldberg forcing WCW World Heavyweight Champion Bret Hart into retirement following a botched move at Starrcade 1999,[49] followed just days later by Goldberg very seriously injuring himself during an angle on Thunder,[50][note 4] and Hollywood Hogan seemingly quitting the company live on PPV at Bash at the Beach 2000 only seemed to further a sense that the company was spiralling out of control.[14] By July 2000 Bischoff had walked off the job.[51]

2001: Sale to the World Wrestling Federation

[edit]

In 2000, several potential buyers for WCW were rumored to show interest in the company. Ted Turner, however, did not hold influence over Time Warner before the final merger of America Online (AOL) and Time Warner in 2001, and most offers were rejected. Eric Bischoff, working with Fusient Media Ventures, made a bid to acquire the company in January 2001.[52] One of the primary backers in the WCW deal backed out after AOL Time Warner refused to allow WCW to continue airing on its networks, leaving Fusient to take that offer off the table while it attempted to bring a new deal around.

In the meantime, Jamie Kellner was handed control over the Turner Broadcasting division in 2000, eventually succeeding Ted Turner on March 7, 2001.[53][54][55] Along with AOL Time Warner, Kellner deemed WCW, along with Turner Sports as a whole, to be out of line with its image and saying that it "would not be favorable enough to get the 'right' advertisers to buy airtime" (even though Thunder was the highest-rated show on TBS at the time). As a result, WCW programming was cancelled on TBS and TNT.[56][57] Another factor in Kellner's decision to cancel all WCW programming was the terms of the company's purchase deal with Fusient, which included giving Fusient control over time slots on TNT and TBS even if those slots did not air WCW programming. WCW's losses were then written off via purchase accounting.[58]

The cancellation of WCW programming left the WWF free to acquire the key assets of WCW through its new subsidiary W. Acquisition Company, which was renamed WCW Inc. afterwards.[8][9] AOL Time Warner sold the rights to the World Championship Wrestling name, branding, championships, and all other remaining assets aside from the talent roster and video library to WWF for $2.5 million in March 2001.[59] Shortly afterwards WWF paid an additional $1.8 million to cover costs to AOL Time Warner in the negotiations, bringing the final tally of WCW's sale to $4.3 million.[60] AOL Time Warner maintained its subsidiary, which reverted to its original legal name of Universal Wrestling Corporation, to deal with legal obligations and liabilities not acquired by the WWF.[10] The UWC was listed as a subsidiary of Time Warner until 2017, when it was merged into Turner Broadcasting System.[61][62]

Some of the WCW wrestlers joined the WWE immediately and participated in The Invasion storyline as part of The Alliance which lasted until the end of 2001, however many of WCW's top stars had contracts with AOL Time Warner rather than WCW itself that the WWF did not acquire, and most choose to sit out the length of their contracts rather than breaking them in order to work for the WWF.[63] Most would eventually find their way to WWE, although Sting remained a notable exception for almost a decade and a half.[63] After the Invasion storyline concluded, the WWF divided the roster into two brands which was originally intended to revive WCW under the WWF umbrella but was instead divided into Raw and SmackDown! brands, named after two WWF's top programs at the time.[64]

Many other WCW wrestlers moved to the World Wrestling All-Stars (WWA) or the XWF and then Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) which all started after the end of WCW.

Features

[edit]

Cruiserweight division

[edit]
5 time WCW Cruiserweight Champion Rey Mysterio
4 time WCW Cruiserweight Champion Chris Jericho
The WCW Cruiserweight division is widely credited with highlighting and benefiting a generation of smaller-sized, high-flying agile wrestlers in an era when "big men" were the norm. It produced long-lasting stars such as Rey Mysterio and Chris Jericho
Further information: Cruiserweight (professional wrestling)

In the spring of 1996, WCW introduced its "Cruiserweight division", a segmented portion of the roster featuring smaller, faster and more agile wrestlers that contrasted starkly, both visually and stylistically, with their heavyweight counterparts.[65] Although weight categories were not a new concept in wrestling or even WCW, the WCW Cruiserweight Division was quickly able to form a unique and popular identity by integrating and mixing wrestlers from all around the world and from vastly different wrestling styles, particularly Mexican luchadores such as Rey Misterio Jr., Psicosis, and Juventud Guerrera, but also Japanese "Super Juniors" such as Último Dragón. North American wrestlers, such as Chris Jericho, Eddie Guerrero, Dean Malenko and Chris Benoit, who had travelled abroad to Mexico and Japan earlier in their careers and learned the local styles were also able to thrive in the division.[65] The division as a whole became a showcase of a fast-paced, aerial and athletic style of wrestling which became highly influential in both the short and long term in the industry.[65] Eric Bischoff has credited with the division as becoming a defining feature of Monday Nitro that was as fundamental to the late 1990s popularity of WCW as the New World Order faction:

I think the cruiserweight division and the talent represented therein probably had as much to do with the success of Nitro as the nWo storyline and Hulk Hogan, Scott Hall, and Kevin Nash. I don’t think people recognize it. The talent in that division not only helped Nitro consistently defeat WWE...that talent forced WWE, as much as the nWo, to change the way they were presenting the product.[66]

— Eric Bischoff, speaking in 2020

The Cruiserweight division would continue to directly influence North American wrestling for many decades. Following the acquisition of WCW by WWF/WWE in 2001, WWE revived the Cruiserweight division in 2002 to be a feature of its Smackdown brand, with the WWE Cruiserweight Championship being deemed by the promotion to be the direct lineal successor to the WCW title. Simultaneously, the newly formed Total Nonstop Action wrestling promotion heavily featured their X Division, which did not limit participants by weight but rather by style. Nonetheless, the X-Division was considered a direct spiritual successor to the style developed in the WCW Cruiserweight division and became influential in its own right.[67] WWE and TNA/Impact have continued to experiment and use the Cruiserweight/X-Division concept on and off throughout the 2000s and 2010s and into the 2020s.[65]

Legacy

[edit]
Part of a series on
Professional wrestling
History
Notable promotions
Notable people
Early 20th Century

Mid 20th Century

1970s and 1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s and 2020s

By region
Styles
Concepts
Culture
Media outlets
Controversies
Lists
Related topics

WCW was extremely influential within professional wrestling in the 1990s and several elements innovated and introduced by WCW would continue to be used in professional wrestling decades after its closure.

Short-term legacy

[edit]
Main articles: The Invasion (professional wrestling) and The Alliance (professional wrestling)

In the immediate aftermath of WWF's purchase of WCW, a significant portion of WCW's active roster was integrated into the WWF. These former WCW talents would be used as part of a "WCW vs WWF" storyline that ran in the WWF throughout 2001. The storyline began proper at the WWF Invasion pay-per-view, which received 775,000 buys and became one of the highest-grossing wrestling pay-per-views of all time.[68] Although WWF was able to recruit many of those on the WCW roster at the time of the purchase, it was unable to secure the use of most of its top-level stars, as they were signed to long-term contracts with AOL-Time Warner rather than WCW.[63] As such, these stars could remain inactive but still continue to be paid, and were not incentivized to join WWF until those contracts expired. It would not be until 2002 onwards that headline WCW stars such as Goldberg or Scott Steiner would join the company.[63] At the No Way Out pay-per-view in February 2002, WWE began their own version of the new World order centered around Hogan, Nash and Hall, but later incorporating former WCW stars the Giant (now known as the Big Show) and Booker T as well as WWE talent such as Shawn Michaels.

Throughout the early 2000s, many former WCW headliners found it difficult to integrate into WWE, as there continued to be legitimate tensions between the two groups. Former WCW performers such as Diamond Dallas Page (who had accepted a WWF contract in 2001) were perceived to be intentionally poorly used as part of a "victory lap" by WWF.[63] In turn, this dissuaded some WCW stars from trusting WWE; for example, Sting choose to remain out of WWE until 2014,[63] and even when he did join, WWE was criticised using Sting to perform yet another victory lap at WrestleMania 31.[69]

After the closure of WCW, several new professional wrestling promotions would launch featuring former talent associated with WCW. The most prominent of these, Total Nonstop Action (TNA), was founded by Jeff Jarrett in 2002 and would attempt to take over WCW's market position in the mid-to-late 2000s using some former WCW stars such as Sting.[63] TNA would also adopt their own version of the Cruiserweight division, branded as the X Division.[70]

Long-term legacy

[edit]

Throughout the 2000s, WWE would incorporate elements into their shows formerly associated with WCW. Former WCW Championships such as the WCW World Heavyweight Championship, the WCW United States Championship and the WCW Cruiserweight Championship would be reactivated in WWE, with their WCW lineages acknowledged. The Cruiserweight division concept was introduced to WWE in 2002 and since then has been used intermittently throughout the 2000s, 2010s and 2020s from 2002 onwards. Some WCW mainstays such as Booker T, Eddie Guerrero, Chris Benoit and Chris Jericho were able to achieve long-term top positions within WWE by the mid to late 2000s. Similarly, promotions such as Total Nonstop Action would also make use of former WCW talent when possible and also continued the legacy of the Cruiserweight with their X-Division.

WWE has since released various WCW documentaries, anthologies, and compilations, including The Rise and Fall of WCW,[71] and a three volume series hosted by Diamond Dallas Page called The Very Best of WCW Monday Nitro.[72] WCW's library content would be made available with the launch of WWE Network in 2014.

WWE would revive several of WCW's events, including Great American Bash in 2004, Starrcade in 2017 and Halloween Havoc in 2020. WWE also utilized the Night of Champions name and theme used on the last episode of Nitro beginning in 2007, which was later known as Clash of Champions, similarly named from WCW's Clash of the Champions. In 2017, WWE held its first annual NXT WarGames event for its NXT brand, with that's year's event featuring the first WarGames match since the September 4, 2000, episode of Nitro.

In 2019, new promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW) formed a partnership with WarnerMedia to air their flagship show, AEW Dynamite, on TNT, returning professional wrestling to the network for the first time since WCW's closure. On January 5, 2022, Dynamite moved to TNT's sibling network, TBS, marking the first time TBS has aired wrestling programming since the March 21, 2001, episode of WCW Thunder.[73] TNT has also broadcast AEW's second show, AEW Rampage, since August 13, 2021, and added another AEW show with the June 17, 2023, debut of AEW Collision.

In 2020, AEW revived WCW's Bash at the Beach series of shows with AEW Bash at the Beach on January 15, 2020. However, a lawsuit by WWE prevented further reuse of that branding.[74][75][76][77] Beginning in 2021, AEW began presenting their own version of WCW's WarGames match, held at the AEW Blood & Guts event.

Who Killed WCW?, a four-part documentary series based off the downfall of WCW premiered June 6, 2024 on Vice TV. The series was presented by Dwayne Johnson and featured former WCW personalities including Bill Goldberg, Eric Bischoff, Bret Hart, Booker T, Kevin Nash, amongst others.[78]

Championships

[edit]
Championship Notes
NWA Western States Heritage Championship A National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) championship intended for mid-card wrestlers. It was created under Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP) in 1987 and used in WCW until it was retired in 1989.
NWA World Heavyweight Championship The world title of the NWA. It was defended within WCW from 1988 until 1993.
NWA World Six-Man Tag Team Championship The title was established under the Chicago territory of the NWA in 1955 and defended within WCW from 1988 to 1989.
NWA World Tag Team Championship The world tag team title of the NWA. It was defended within WCW from 1992 through 1993.
WCW Cruiserweight Championship The title was established under WCW in 1996 and would continue to be used after WCW's purchase by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) until March 2008, when it was retired as the WWE Cruiserweight Championship.
WCW Cruiserweight Tag Team Championship The title was established on March 18, 2001, but was retired eight days later after WCW's purchase by the WWF.
WCW Light Heavyweight Championship The title was established in 1991 and was defended until September 1992, when the title was retired.
WCW Hardcore Championship The title was established in 1999 and was defended until January 2001, when Meng jumped to the WWF as champion. The title was retired later that year due to WCW being bought by the WWF.
WCW International World Heavyweight Championship The secondary world title of WCW. It was established in 1993 under WCW International, a fictitious subsidiary of WCW, and was defended until 1994 when it was unified with the WCW World Heavyweight Championship.
WCW United States Heavyweight Championship The second highest ranked title used in WCW. It was established in 1975 under JCP and would continue to be used after WCW's purchase by the WWF until November 2001, when it was unified with the WWF Intercontinental Championship. Under WWE, the title was revived as the WWE United States Championship in 2003.
WCW United States Tag Team Championship The title was established in 1986 under JCP and was defended within WCW until July 1992, when the title was retired.
WCW Women's Championship The title was established under WCW in 1996 and was defended in Gaea Japan until 1998 when the title was retired.
WCW Women's Cruiserweight Championship The title was established in 1997 but was retired the following year.
WCW World Heavyweight Championship The primary world title of WCW. It was established in 1991 under WCW and would continue to be used after WCW's purchase by the WWF until December 2001, when it was unified with the WWF Championship at Vengeance. The Big Gold Belt, which represented the championship, continued to appear until April 2002 when the new Undisputed WWF Championship belt was introduced.
WCW World Six-Man Tag Team Championship The title was established in February 1991 and defended until December 1991, when it was retired.
WCW World Tag Team Championship The world tag team title of WCW. It was established in 1975 under JCP and would continue to be used after WCW's purchase by the WWF until November 2001, when it was unified with the WWF Tag Team Championship.
WCW World Television Championship The title was established in 1974 under JCP and was defended within WCW until April 2000, when the title was retired.

Programming

[edit]
Program Start date End date Notes
WCW Pro January 11, 1958 September 27, 1998 Also known as WCW Pro Wrestling, NWA Pro Wrestling, and Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling
WCW Saturday Night December 25, 1971 August 19, 2000 Also known as WCW Saturday Morning, World Championship Wrestling, and Georgia Championship Wrestling
Best of World Championship Wrestling 1973 1987 Also known as Best of Championship Wrestling
WCW WorldWide 1975 April 1, 2001 Also known as WCW World Wide Wrestling, NWA World Wide Wrestling, and World Wide Wrestling
WCW Clash of the Champions March 27, 1988 August 21, 1997 Also known as NWA Clash of the Champions
WCW Main Event January 21, 1988 January 3, 1998 Also known as NWA Main Event
WCW Power Hour June 23, 1989 March 5, 1994 Also known as NWA Power Hour
WCW All Nighter March 6, 1994 January 10, 1995
WCW Prime February 6, 1995 1997
WCW Monday Nitro September 4, 1995 March 26, 2001
WCW Thunder January 8, 1998 March 21, 2001

In other media

[edit]

From 2000 to 2001, Monster Jam had a series of monster trucks based on wrestlers' names. These included the nWo, Sting, Nitro Machine, Madusa and Goldberg. Following the end of WCW, Debrah Miceli, the only one of the truck's namesakes to actually drive them, remained in monster trucks. The legacy of the other trucks is most prominent with Goldberg. Driven by to great success by Tom Meents (including Monster Jam World Finals championships both years the truck ran), after the end of the sponsorship Meents continued to run the truck as "Team Meents" in 2002 before debuting its new name Maximum Destruction in 2003. Max-D continues to compete in the series and rivals the legendary Grave Digger in popularity on the circuit.

WCW also had a presence in NASCAR from the mid-1990s to 2000, sponsoring the #29 team in the Busch Grand National Series full-time and the #9 Melling Racing team in the Winston Cup Series part-time. In 1996, Kyle Petty's #49 car in the Busch Grand National series was sponsored by the nWo, and Greg Sacks briefly drove a WCW-sponsored for Galaxy Motorsports.

Several WCW video games were made in the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s, including WCW Wrestling, WCW SuperBrawl Wrestling, WCW vs. the World, WCW vs. nWo: World Tour, WCW/nWo Revenge and WCW Mayhem.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ In Controversy Creates Cash (2006), Bischoff claims that WCW lost approximately $10,000,000 in 1993[19]
  2. ^ Although Sting's shift to the "Crow" inspired character was part of the overall direction by Eric Bischoff, the specific idea that Sting should adopt the dark avenging character was generated by Scott Hall after seeing the film.[29]
  3. ^ Having made $55,000,000 in profits in 1998, by the final quarter of 1999 it was apparent to both Bischoff and Time Warner management that WCW would lose at least $5,000,000 that year.[31]
  4. ^ On the December 23, 1999, live episode of Thunder, WCW shot an angle in which Goldberg chased after members of the nWo backstage, who attempted to escape in a limousine. Goldberg proceeded to punch through the glass window of the limousine as an improvised part of the segment. The glass was real and as it shattered it cut Goldberg's arm deeply, severing an artery. After the segment, Goldberg was rushed to a local hospital and at one point his arm might have to be amputated. Eventually, the wound was closed with 40 stitches but it took 5 months for Goldberg to recover from the injury.[50]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Universal Wrestling Corporation". georgiacompanieslist.com. Archived from the original on September 24, 2017. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  2. ^ Atlanta Business Journal June 28, 1999 Archived May 29, 2021, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ "Eric Bischoff". Off the Record with Michael Landsberg. March 18, 1998. TSN. Monday night is that one time during the week when I can forget that I'm the president of WCW, that I've got 150 employees to worry about.
  4. ^ Jericho, Chris; Fornatale, Peter Thomas (2007). A Lion's Tale: Around the World in Spandex. Grand Central. ISBN 978-0-446-40890-5. [Bischoff] constantly trumpeted to anybody who would listen that Hogan and the nWo were the sole reason why WCW had pulled ahead of WWF in the ratings war. He never stopped to think that another reason may have been the hard work of the leprosy-afflicted cruiserweights.
  5. ^ "Sting". WWE.com. WWE. 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
  6. ^ Mudge, Jacqueline (2013). Billy Kidman. Infobase. ISBN 978-1-4381-4646-1. The cruiserweight division had become the most exciting aspect of WCW.
  7. ^ Bryan, Daniel; Tello, Craig (2015). Yes!: My Improbable Journey to the Main Event of WrestleMania. St. Martin's. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4668-7662-0. WWE was looking to start a new cruiserweight division like the one that was popular in WCW.
  8. ^ a b Green, Jordan (December 14, 2005). "I was famous for getting beat up': The glorious and tragic story of Carolina wrasslin". YES! Weekly.
  9. ^ a b Assael, Shaun; Mooneyham, Mike (July 16, 2002). Sex, Lies and Headlocks: The Real Story of Vince McMahon and the World Wrestling Federation. Crown Publishers. p. 252. ISBN 0-609-60690-5.
  10. ^ a b "The WWF's Light Heavyweight Division: The 10 Ways to Make it a success". Pro Wrestling Illustrated. 17 (12). London Publishing Co.: 33 December 1997. ISSN 1043-7576. The light heavyweight division, like WCW's cruiserweight division, can be a rousing success
  11. ^ "1980's TV Wrestling / 1970's – 1980's Mid-Atlantic Wrestling". tvparty.com.
  12. ^ Ratings Analysis, Pro Wrestling Illustrated May 1988
  13. ^ "NWA and WWF gain momentum – Is Wrestling Headed Towards A Two Party System?" Pro Wrestling Illustrated October 1987. Article contains copious examples of references to Jim Crockett Promotions as "World Championship Wrestling"/"WCW"/"the World Championship area".
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "The History of WCW". WWE.com. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  15. ^ Eric Bischoff (December 9, 2021). Eric Bischoff shoots on the drama between WCW and NWA in 1993. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  16. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 83.
  17. ^ Foley, Mick (October 16, 2000). Have a Nice Day!: A Tale of Blood and Sweatsocks. HarperCollins. p. 317. ISBN 0-00-710738-2.
  18. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 103.
  19. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 90.
  20. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 91.
  21. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 124.
  22. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 142.
  23. ^ a b Bischoff 2006, p. 151.
  24. ^ a b Raimondi, Marc (December 9, 2019). "WWE to honor nWo with Hall of Fame induction". ESPN. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  25. ^ Raimondi, Marc (March 14, 2022). "Wrestling legend, WWE Hall of Famer Scott Hall dies at 63". ESPN. Retrieved October 20, 2023. Bolstered by the buzz created by the nWo, WCW beat WWF in the head-to-head cable television ratings for 83 weeks straight, something that would have been unheard of just a year earlier.
  26. ^ a b Mooneyham, Mike (November 12, 2022). "Eric Bischoff 'plane crash' pitch was WCW storyline that Harvey Schiller shot down". Post and Courier. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  27. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 166.
  28. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 203.
  29. ^ a b Bischoff 2006, p. 237.
  30. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 200.
  31. ^ a b c d Mooneyham, Mike (November 19, 2022). "Bischoff loses power, Schiller looks for answers in WCW decline". Post and Courier. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  32. ^ Wonsover, Michael (November 24, 2017). "The legacy of Starrcade and the disaster of Sting vs. Hulk Hogan in 1997". ESPN. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
  33. ^ Hoops, Brian (January 7, 2008). "SPECIALIST – Nostalgia: Starrcade '97: Eddie vs. Dean, Sting vs. Hogan, Mongo vs. Goldberg". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved August 10, 2016.
  34. ^ a b Bischoff 2006, p. 271.
  35. ^ Eric Bischoff. "nWo Wolfpace". 83 weeks (Podcast). Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  36. ^ Keller, Wade (December 22, 2018). "VIP 1998 BACK ISSUE – Pro Wrestling Torch #526 (December 26, 1998): Cover Story on WCW signing what turned out to be a short-lived deal for series of specials on NBC, reader letters and Keller's reaction to Kevin Nash being promoted to booker of WCW". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  37. ^ Dave Meltzer (January 12, 2016). "November 30, 1998 Wrestling Observer Newsletter: 3 top stars potentially done with wrestling, WCW World War III recap". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  38. ^ Pollock, John (December 27, 2021). "Bill Goldberg's streak ends at WCW Starrcade 1998". POST Wrestling. Retrieved October 20, 2023. WCW ended 1998 by ending the undefeated streak of Bill Goldberg. It was on this date that Goldberg was pinned by Kevin Nash in the main event of Starrcade at the MCI Center in Washington, ending Goldberg's streak and reign as company champion. The decision was heavily criticized, both the decision to end it and the tactic of having Goldberg hit with a cattle prod by Scott Hall to set up the jackknife powerbomb by Nash for the victory.
  39. ^ "Hulk Hogan's fifth WCW Championship reign". WWE. Archived from the original on July 23, 2008. Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  40. ^ Alvarez, Bryan; R.D. Reynolds (2004). The Death of WCW. ECW Press. p. 171. ISBN 1-55022-661-4.
  41. ^ Bischoff 2006, p. 305.
  42. ^ Pursell, Chris (September 13, 1999). "Exec exits the ring". Variety. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  43. ^ a b c Pollock, John (October 18, 2021). "Vince Russo and Ed Ferrara's first episode of WCW Nitro". POST Wrestling. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  44. ^ Dave Meltzer (October 11, 1999). "Oct 11, 1999 Wrestling Observer Newsletter: Vince Russo leaves WWF for WCW, WWF Rebellion". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  45. ^ "Vince Russo On Biggest Misconceptions About Him, Origin of The Attitude Era, Who WWE Writers Write For Today". January 7, 2018. Archived from the original on September 27, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
  46. ^ Carapola, Stuart (May 4, 2011). "A detailed look at the WWE Monday night war DVD, part 3". Pro Wrestling Insider. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  47. ^ Thompson, AD (April 24, 2023). "POST NEWS UPDATE: Chavo Guerrero Jr. recalls Eddie asking if he wanted to make jump to WWF/E with The Radicalz". POST Wrestling. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  48. ^ a b Wonsover, Michael (November 9, 2018). "David Arquette, with return to pro wrestling, finds joy, acceptance and rush of energy". ESPN. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  49. ^ Martinez, Ryan (December 19, 2008). "This Day In History: Hitman's Career Ended At Starrcade, British Bulldog In ECW, Edge And Christian Tie A Record And More". Pro Wrestling Insider. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
  50. ^ a b Dave Meltzer (January 3, 2000). "January 3, 2000 Wrestling Observer Newsletter: Goldberg injured after car window stunt goes wrong, tons of news". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved October 28, 2023.
  51. ^ Eric Bischoff (March 14, 2020). "Eric Bischoff shoots on why WCW was so bad in 2000". 83 Weeks (Podcast). Retrieved October 28, 2023.
  52. ^ "Time Warner Sells Ailing WCW". Classic Wrestling Articles. December 29, 2012. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  53. ^ Flint, Joe; Beatty, Sally (March 7, 2001). "WB Network Chief Kellner Takes Over Turner Operations at AOL Time Warner". Wall Street Journalism. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
  54. ^ Schneider, Michael (June 22, 2024). "Jamie Kellner, TV Maverick Who Launched Both Fox and The WB, Dies at 77". Variety. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
  55. ^ Lambert, Jeremy (June 22, 2024). "Former Head of Turner Broadcasting Jamie Kellner Passes Away". Fightful. Retrieved June 22, 2024.
  56. ^ John M. Higgins (March 19, 2001). "WCW on the ropes" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable. Cahners Business Information. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 28, 2020. Retrieved September 22, 2018 – via World Radio History.
  57. ^ Jim Rutenberg (January 11, 2001). "Turner to Drop Wrestling, Shed Jobs". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 22, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
  58. ^ Evans, Guy (July 6, 2018). NITRO: The Incredible Rise and Inevitable Collapse of Ted Turner's WCW. WCWNitroBook.com. ISBN 978-0-692-13917-2.
  59. ^ Mooneyham, Mike (November 26, 2022). "Dr. Harvey Schiller, Ted Turner and the end of WCW". Post and Courier. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  60. ^ Dave Meltzer (August 6, 2001). "August 6, 2001 Wrestling Observer Newsletter: WCW purchase price revealed". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  61. ^ "Worldwide Subsidiaries and Affiliated Companies List" (PDF). Time Warner. June 19, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2016.
  62. ^ "Certificate of Merger". State of Georgia. December 17, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
  63. ^ a b c d e f g Shoemaker, David (November 25, 2014). "WWE 'Survivor Series': Sting! WTF?". Grantland. Retrieved October 20, 2023. Sting was a mainstay of WCW when the rival company tangled with the WWF in a 1990s blood feud for ratings. Most of the biggest WCW stars didn't come to WWF when McMahon bought out his rivals in 2001. That's because the biggest stars were under contract with WCW's parent company, AOL/Time-Warner, and McMahon had no interest in paying their exorbitant salaries. Likewise, the wrestlers weren't inclined to quit and lose the remaining money on their contracts so they could join the WWF. Eventually, as their contracts ended, most of WCW's big names turned up for a run in WWE. By then, McMahon owned a functional monopoly on big-time professional wrestling, and performers like Kevin Nash and Ric Flair and Goldberg were happy to make nice with WWE and put their legacies in Vince's powerful hands.
  64. ^ "Why WWE Started Their Brand Split in 2002, Explained". November 6, 2022.
  65. ^ a b c d Willis, Matt (September 29, 2016). "WCWs cruiserweight division featured some of the biggest future WWE stars during its peak in the 90s". ESPN. Retrieved October 19, 2023.
  66. ^ Lovell, Blake (November 24, 2020). "Eric Bischoff On Why Cruiserweight Division Was As Important To WCW Nitro's Success Than nWo, Impact On Current Stars". 411mania. Retrieved October 19, 2023.
  67. ^ Boutwell, Josh (December 25, 2014). "Chapter 4: No Limits (The X-Division)". WrestleView. Retrieved October 19, 2023. The point of the X-Division was to showcase the high flying, fast-paced style of wrestling which had become very popular due to WCW's cruiserweights in the 1990s which is why I immediately fell in love with the division.
  68. ^ Dave Meltzer (August 13, 2001). "August 13, 2001 Wrestling Observer Newsletter: WWF Invasion PPV does big business, more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
  69. ^ Caldwell, James (January 14, 2016). "Report – Why Sting lost WWE debut match, as told by Scott Hall". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
  70. ^ Boutwell, Josh (December 25, 2014). "Chapter 4: No Limits (The X-Division)". Retrieved November 7, 2023. The point of the X-Division was to showcase the high flying, fast-paced style of wrestling which had become very popular due to WCW's cruiserweights in the 1990s
  71. ^ Ross, Jim (May 3, 2009). "J.R.'s Place". J.R.'s Barbq. Archived from the original on July 19, 2010. Retrieved May 13, 2009.
  72. ^ "WWE: The Very Best of WCW Monday Nitro Vol. 3". August 11, 2015 – via Amazon.
  73. ^ "End of an era on TBS: Solie, Georgia and 'Black Saturday'". Slam Wrestling. April 3, 2001. Retrieved March 4, 2022.
  74. ^ "Cody's Request For 'Bash At The Beach' Trademark Reconsideration Denied | Fightful Wrestling". www.fightful.com. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
  75. ^ @AEWrestling (November 18, 2019). "The #AEWDynamite scheduled for Wednesday, January 15th in Miami, Florida has gotten just a little bit bigger now as the event will be Officially Titled: BASH AT THE BEACH Tickets go on sale THIS FRIDAY, November 22nd at Noon ET for AEW's #BashAtTheBeach. (Note: Although listed as Miami, the venue is officially in Coral Gables, Florida)" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  76. ^ "AEW Dynamite Is Reviving WCW's Bash At The Beach". UPROXX. November 18, 2019. Retrieved November 18, 2019.
  77. ^ "AEW Revives WCW's Bash at the Beach For Nine-Day Event". November 18, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
  78. ^ "Who Killed Wcw? - VICE TV". Viceland. Retrieved June 15, 2024.

Works cited

[edit]
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=World_Championship_Wrestling&oldid=1256615335"