Black-tailed myiobius
| Black-tailed myiobius | |
|---|---|
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| At São Luiz do Paraitinga, Brazil | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Tityridae |
| Genus: | Myiobius |
| Species: | M. atricaudus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Myiobius atricaudus Lawrence, 1863
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The black-tailed myiobius or black-tailed flycatcher (Myiobius atricaudus) is a species of passerine bird in the family Tityridae. It was previously placed in the family Tyrannidae.[2] Black-tailed flycatchers are found in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.[3] Their natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest. They are usually found alone or in pairs, but may join flocks of several species.[3]
Subspecies
[edit]Seven subspecies are recognised; M. a. atricaudus from south-western Costa Rica, Panama and western Colombia; M. a. portovelae from western Ecuador and north-western Peru; M. a. modestus from eastern Venezuela; M. a. adjacens from southern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and western Brazil; M. a. connectens from north-eastern Brazil south of the River Amazon; M. a. snethlagei from north-eastern and eastern Brazil; M. a. ridgwayi from southeastern Brazil.[2]
Description
[edit]The black-tailed myiobius closely resembles the whiskered myiobius (M. barbatus) and the sulphur-rumped myiobius (M. sulphureipygius) in appearance, with olive upper parts and a yellow rump. The underparts differ in being buff rather than tawny or greyish-olive, but birds living in eastern Brazil tend to have yellowish or yellowish-buff underparts. Another distinguishing feature is the location in which the bird is seen. The black-tailed myobius haunts woodland edges and secondary forests and is less active or acrobatic than the other two species; it is found at altitudes up to 1,400 m (4,600 ft).[4]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]The species has a patchy distribution in tropical Central and South America. It is present in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru (on both sides of the Andes) and large parts of Brazil.[1] Where their ranges overlap, it is generally found in drier habitats than the whiskered myiobius (M. barbatus), and at higher elevations.[5] It generally frequents forest verges and secondary growth, often near water, whereas the whiskered myiobius prefers the interior of forests.[4]
Status
[edit]Destruction of the Amazon rainforest is reducing the area of suitable habitat for this bird and its numbers are thought to be in decline. It is an uncommon species with a patchy distribution, nevertheless, it has a very wide range and the total population size is likely to be large; as a result, the International Union for Conservation of Nature has classified it as being of "least concern.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c BirdLife International (2016). "Myiobius atricaudus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22699726A93745080. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22699726A93745080.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2017). "Cotingas, manakins, tityras & becards". World Bird List Version 7.3. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
- ^ a b Kirwan, Guy. "Black-tailed Flycatcher". Neotropical Birds Online. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
- ^ a b Ridgely, Robert S.; Tudor, Guy (2009). Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America: The Passerines. University of Texas Press. pp. 247–248. ISBN 978-0-292-71748-0.
- ^ "Myiobius barbatus". Neotropical Birds. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
Further reading
[edit]- Skutch, Alexander F. (1960). "Black-tailed myiobius" (PDF). Life Histories of Central American Birds II. Pacific Coast Avifauna, Number 34. Berkeley, California: Cooper Ornithological Society. pp. 552–554.