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Betty Bausch-Polak

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Betty Bausch-Polak
Born(1919-11-04)4 November 1919
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Died8 November 2024(2024-11-08) (aged 105)
Occupation(s)Holocaust survivor and Resistance member

Betty Bausch-Polak (4 November 1919 – 8 November 2024) was a Dutch Jewish survivor of the Holocaust and an active member of the Resistance.[1] She traveled internationally to deliver lectures on the perils of racial discrimination and prejudice.[2][3]

Early life

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Polak was born into an Orthodox Jewish family in Amsterdam, on 4 November 1919. From a young age, she recognized the dangers posed by Adolf Hitler and the Nazis and actively protested against them.[4] She aspired to migrate to the Palestine Mandate and therefore undertook agricultural training. In 1939, she married Philip de Leeuw, a Jewish economist who was serving as a section commander of a border battalion in Dinxperlo at the time.[5]

World War II

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At an early age, she recognized the threat posed by Adolf Hitler and actively opposed it.[6] In 1939, she wed the Jewish economist, Philip de Leeuw.[7] During World War II, they made unsuccessful attempts to escape to England by ship. Subsequently, De Leeuw was executed in retaliation. Her parents, in-laws, and sister perished in different concentration camps.[8][9][10]

References

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  1. ^ Gröschler, Änne (7 August 2020). Aus dieser schweren Zeit: Eine Jüdin aus Jever berichtet über ihre Verfolgung durch die Nationalsozialisten und ihre Rettung durch den "Transport 222" vom KZ Bergen-Belsen 1944 nach Palästina (in German). Fuego. ISBN 978-3-86287-228-2.
  2. ^ Göbel, Esther (14 February 2012). Een hemel zonder vogels (in Dutch). Uitgeverij Balans. ISBN 978-94-6003-512-8.
  3. ^ van der Woude, A. M. (1 January 1983), "Het Milieu", Het Noorderkwartier, BRILL, pp. 19–60, doi:10.1163/9789004613546_006, ISBN 978-90-04-61354-6, retrieved 28 November 2024
  4. ^ "Indexen". archief.amsterdam. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  5. ^ "Holocaust-overlevende Betty Bausch-Polak (105) overleden". RD.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  6. ^ "Dutch Holocaust survivor tells what her blue eyes have seen". www.timesofisrael.com. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  7. ^ https://onlinemuseumdebilt.nl/wp-content/uploads/L.J.TH-van-Vlodorp-Herdenkingsmonument-bij-Jagtlust-en-Het-kruis-op-de-berg-Een-tragedie.pdf
  8. ^ "Copie, |van twee missiven, geschreven, by de steden, Kampen en Zwol, aen die van Deventer; raeckende de behoorlijcke presentatie der voornoemde steden". Dutch Pamphlets Online. doi:10.1163/2214-8264_dutchpamphlets-kb0-kb08872. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  9. ^ "29 Holocaust & Genocide Stud. 515 (2015) Recently Published Works in Holocaust and Genocide Studies". heinonline.org. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
  10. ^ "Holocaust-overlevende Betty Bausch-Polak (105) overleden". Retrieved 28 November 2024.
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