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Săcălaz

Coordinates: 45°45′N 21°7′E / 45.750°N 21.117°E / 45.750; 21.117
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(Redirected from Beregsău Mare)
Săcălaz
Commune
The Orthodox church in Beregsău Mare
The Orthodox church in Beregsău Mare
Coat of arms of Săcălaz
Coat of arms
Location in Timiș County
Location in Timiș County
Săcălaz is located in Romania
Săcălaz
Săcălaz
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°45′N 21°7′E / 45.750°N 21.117°E / 45.750; 21.117
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Viorel Nicu[1] (PMP)
Area
[2]
136.1 km2 (52.5 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[3]
9,223
 • Density68/km2 (180/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
307370–307372
Vehicle reg.TM
Websiteprimariasacalaz.ro

Săcălaz (formerly Săcalhaz; German: Sackelhausen; Banat Swabian: Sacklass;[4] Hungarian: Szakálháza) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Beregsău Mare, Beregsău Mic and Săcălaz (commune seat).

Name

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Romanian Hungarian German Serbian
Beregsău Mare Berekszó Großbergsau Берексово/Bereksovo
Beregsău Mic [Nămăț] Berekszónémeti Kleinbergsau Немет/Nemet
Săcălaz [Săcalhaz] Szakálháza Sackelhausen

Geography

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Săcălaz is located 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Timișoara and covers an area of 136.1 km2 (52.5 sq mi).[2] The relief is flat. The Timiș River is the most important running water, Săcălaz also being crossed by the waters of two small streams, Beregsău Mare and Niarad.

History

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Săcălaz was first mentioned in a diploma from 29 December 1392, in which the boundary of the village of Zakalhaza was delimited, a name that it kept until 1520.[5] Following the Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) the Banat localities became the property of the Austrian Imperial House. Banat became an autonomous Austrian province with military administration, being divided into 11 districts. In 1717 Săcălaz had 66 houses.[6] The main occupation of the inhabitants was the cultivation of cereals, especially wheat and corn. In 1725, the first grain mill was built.[5]

In 1765 the first wave of Swabian German settlers arrived here, by order of Maria Theresa.[6] She issued the Kolonisationspatent of 25 February 1763 and later the Decree which she submitted to the Banat Colonization Office in 1765, ordering the relocation of the Romanian population to the southern part of Torontál County, to make way for the Swabian settlers. Thus, the Romanian population of about 60 families is forced to leave Săcălaz and move to Torak (in Serbian Banat), where they establish a new settlement.[7] In turn, the village of Beregsău Mic was colonized with Serbs. The following waves of German settlers (1744–1772, 1782–1787) definitively established the German predominance of the locality. The plans for the development of Săcălaz were outlined on paper in Vienna, in the form of a chessboard, with the Catholic church in the center. The church was designed by engineer Carl Alexander Steinlein and was consecrated in 1772.[8]

Demographics

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Ethnic composition (2011)[9]

  Romanians (83.91%)
  Serbs (1.99%)
  Unknown (11.9%)
  Others (2.2%)

Religious composition (2011)[10]

  Orthodox (78.87%)
  Pentecostals (7.38%)
  Roman Catholics (2.42%)
  Serbian Orthodox (1.78%)
  Unknown (7.12%)
  Others (2.43%)

Săcălaz had a population of 7,204 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 15% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (83.91%), with a minority of Serbs (1.99%). For 11.9% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[9] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (78.87%), but there are also minorities of Pentecostals (7.38%), Roman Catholics (2.42%) and Serbian Orthodox (1.78%). For 7.12% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[10]

Census[11] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Serbs
1880 6,218 1,935 97 3,245 926
1890 7,257 2,158 104 4,019 928
1900 7,475 2,087 197 4,202 948
1910 7,178 2,104 273 3,853 944
1920 7,141 1,855 174 4,169 –
1930 6,649 2,088 134 3,601 792
1941 6,700 2,212 60 3,553 –
1956 6,116 2,911 119 2,363 717
1966 6,774 3,674 140 2,303 645
1977 7,287 4,588 160 1,997 477
1992 5,926 5,368 111 76 293
2002 6,273 5,903 92 40 152
2011 7,204 6,045 67 41 143

Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Prezentarea comunei". Primăria comunei Săcălaz.
  3. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  4. ^ "Ortschaften mit ehem. deutscher Bevölkerung im Banat". Jetscha.de.
  5. ^ a b "Scurt istoric". Primăria comunei Săcălaz.
  6. ^ a b Blejușcă, Ghiță (2009). Săcălaz. Timp și istorie. Timișoara: Artpress. ISBN 978-973-108-222-6.
  7. ^ Reitz, Mathias (2006). Sackelhausen. Beiträge zur Geschichte einer deutschen Gemeinde im Banat. Reutlingen: self-published.
  8. ^ Fett, Reinhold (1979). Sackelhausen – Heimatbuch einer Banater Gemeinde. Limburg an der Lahn: Limburger Vereinsdruckerei.
  9. ^ a b "Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică.
  10. ^ a b "Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică.
  11. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF).
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