Society of Berbice
The Society of Berbice (Dutch: Sociëteit van Berbice) was founded on 24 October 1720 by the owners of the colony of Berbice currently in Guyana. These owners (Arnold Dix, Pieter Schuurmans, Cornelis van Peere, and brothers Nicolaas and Hendrik van Hoorn) had acquired the colony from the French on 24 October 1714, who in turn had occupied the colony which was previously a hereditary fief in the possession of the Van Peere family.[1]
In 1720, the five owners of the colony founded a Society of Berbice in a similar fashion to the Society of Suriname, which governed the neighbouring colony, in order to raise more capital for the colony. Both brothers shared one quarter of the company, and could only cast one vote.[2] The Society was a public company listed on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange.[3]
In the years following, Berbice became the second most flourishing Dutch colony in the Guianas after Suriname, consisting of 12 plantations owned by the society, 93 private plantations along the Berbice River, and 20 plantations along the Canje River.[4] The colony was dealt a severe blow when a slave uprising broke out under the leadership of Coffy in February 1763.[5] The uprising lead to a steep population decline,[6] abandonment and destruction of many plantations, and serious financial problems for the Society.[7]
In 1795, after the dissolution of the Dutch West India Company, the company decided to sell its possessions.[8] The company remained in operation after Berbice was ceded to Great Britain.[9] In November 1818, their last plantations were sold to Davidson’s, Barkly & Co,[10] and after selling out the last investors, the company closed their offices in 1821.[9]
See also
[edit]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Hartsinck 1770, pp. 299–304
- ^ Netscher 1888, p. 392.
- ^ Beyerman 1934, pp. 313–314.
- ^ Beyerman 1934, p. 314
- ^ "Berbice Uprising in 1763". Slavenhandel MCC (Provincial Archives of Zeeland). Retrieved 7 August 2020.
- ^ Hartsinck 1770, p. 538.
- ^ Netscher 1888, p. 256.
- ^ "Dutch Series Guyana" (PDF). National Archive (in Dutch). p. 11. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
- ^ a b Dutch National Archive - Inventaris van het archief van de Sociëteit van Berbice, (1681) 1720-1795 (1800)
- ^ "The history of Highbury". Guyana Times International. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
References
[edit]- Beyerman, J. J. (1934). "De Nederlandsche Kolonie Berbice in 1771". Nieuwe West-Indische Gids. 15 (1): 313–317. doi:10.1163/22134360-90001004.
- Boston Rare Maps. "The Dutch colony of Berbice in full period color".
- Hartsinck, J.J. (1770), Beschryving van Guiana, of de wilde kust in Zuid-America, Amsterdam: Gerrit Tielenburg
- Netscher, Pieter Marinus (1888). Geschiedenis van de koloniën Essequebo, Demerary en Berbice, van de vestiging der Nederlanders aldaar tot op onzen tijd (in Dutch). The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.