Football in Austria
 | Parts of this article (those related to League system - number of clubs) need to be updated. The reason given is: from the season 2018/19, there is a different number of clubs in the top leagues. (November 2018) |
| Football in Austria | |
|---|---|
| Country | Austria |
| Governing body | Austrian Football Association |
| National team(s) | Austria national football team |
| First played | 1904 |
National competitions | |
Club competitions | |
International competitions | |
Football is the most popular sport in Austria. The Austrian Football Association, the ÖFB (Österreichischer Fußball-Bund), was founded in 1904 and has been a member of FIFA since then. Despite the sport's popularity, except for a successful streak in the early 1930s, the country's national team has not been successful in tournaments.[1] Austria played their first ever European championship as a qualifier in 2016, but finished last in their group and failed to advance. Appeared in the European championship in 2008 (when it co-hosted the championship with Switzerland), 2016, 2020 and recently qualified for 2024. Their best up to date achievement of this competition was the Round of 16 in the 2020 edition.
In the World Cup, Austria has a slightly better record, achieving fourth and third place in 1934 and 1954, respectively. Other than that, Austria either did not enter (1930), did not qualify (1966, 1970, 1974, 1986, 1994, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018, 2022), withdrew (1938, 1950, 1962), or was either eliminated at the group stages (1958, 1990, 1998), or the second rounds (1978, 1982).
In 1978 Austria won its group ahead of Brazil. In the group of the second round, any chance of progressing was gone after losses in the two first matches. But in the last match, against West Germany, which had chances of progressing even to the final, the Austrians produced what would become known as The Miracle of Córdoba, winning against any German national team (West, East or unified) for the first time in 47 years, thus eliminating the West German team from the tournament.
History
[edit]Football was born in Austria around 1890, and from 1900 a cup was played in Vienna called Neues Wiener Tagblatt Pokal. The first football league of the country was born in 1911, called 1. Klasse, organized by the Football Federation of Lower Austria, and became a professional league in 1924, the year in which it changed its name to I. Liga.[2] In 1929 an amateur championship was organized that Grazer AK won, in which the clubs of the professional league of Vienna were excluded from participating.[3]
The national team became a European power in the 1930s under the command of coach Hugo Meisl and the leadership of Matthias Sindelar, which earned him the nickname "Wunderteam".[4][5][6] On May 16, 1931 the Austrian national team was the first European to defeat Scotland, and subsequently won the Central European International Cup in 1932, finished in fourth place in the 1934 World Cup and won the silver medal in the Olympic Games of Berlin 1936.
In 1937 the Nationalliga was introduced, the second division in which the equipment of other states of Austria could ascend and consist of the maximum competition of the country. With the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany came the prohibition of professionalism in sport in May 1938 and several teams were banned, such as Hakoah Vienna and FK Austria Wien.[7] The Nationalliga joined the system of the Nationalsozialistischer Reichsbund für Leibesübungen (National Socialist League of the Reich). The Gauliga Ostmark, an amateur league, covered most of the country except the Tyrol and Vorarlberg, which were included in the Bavarian league system.[8] The league champion qualified for the German championship, and after the Second World War returned the 1. Klasse - later called only Liga -, only for Viennese teams.
After the creation of Staatsliga A in 1949, all Austrian teams came together to form a league. However, the road to organizing the league was difficult. A conflict between the representatives of amateur and professional football led to the separation of the Vienna league from the football federation, and a new competition was established on June 30, 1949. A year later the Staatsliga B, the second division, was born. which remained until 1959.
On April 21, 1974 the current Bundesliga was introduced, and the Nationalliga was established as the second division of the country (now known as the First League of Austrian Football First League). The Austrian Football Federation (ÖFB) is the highest professional football organization in Austria and was founded in 1904, although it joined FIFA in 1905 and UEFA in 1954. The ÖFB organizes the Bundesliga - the first and highest league competition of the country- and the Austrian Cup, and manages the national men's and women's national team.
The oldest team in Austria is First Vienna FC, champion of the German Cup in 1943 and six Austrian leagues.[9] SK Rapid Wien is the most successful team in the country, with 32 league titles, one German championship and two runners-up in the European Cup Winners Cup. FK Austria Wien also managed to be a finalist of the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1978 and SV Austria Salzburg were finalist of the UEFA Cup in 1993–94.
National team
[edit]The Austrian men's national team, in its different categories, is controlled by the Austrian Football Federation.
The Austrian team played their first official game on October 12, 1902 in Vienna against Hungary, a match that was resolved with victory by the Austrians 5-0. This match was the first played between two non-British European teams.
Austria has managed to qualify for seven FIFA World Cups and four European Championship, the first which was organized together with Switzerland in 2008. The Austrian combined team's third-best achievement was the third place in the 1954 World Cup, the fourth in the Cup. World Cup of 1934 and the silver medal won at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. In the 1930s, the Austrian team known as "Wunderteam" had players like Matthias Sindelar, nicknamed the "Mozart of football", 8 the scorer Josef Bican and Johann Horvath.[10][11] This team was 14 undefeated games, 9 from April 12, 1931 to December 7, 1932, in that same period they won the Central European International Cup. Between the years of 1931 to 1934, they had the impressive run of 28 victories, a draw and two defeats, scoring a whopping 102 goals, reaching the World Cup in 1934.
Andreas Herzog, with 104 internationals, is the player who has worn the shirt of the national team most times. The top scorer in history is Toni Polster, with 44 goals in 95 games.
Competitions
[edit]League system
[edit]The Bundesliga is the highest national league-club competition in Austria has 12 teams, the second tier is the Second League (2. Liga) has 16 teams. The third tier consists of three parallel divisions which are the regional leagues (Regionalliga). These cover the different regions of Austria as follows: the East (Regionalliga Ost), which comprises teams from Vienna, Lower Austria, and Burgenland; the Central (Regionalliga Mitte), featuring teams from Styria, Carinthia, Upper Austria, and East Tyrol; and the West (Regionalliga West), competed for by teams from Salzburg, Tyrol, and Vorarlberg. The fourth tier is the state league (Landesliga), with the 2. Landesliga as the fifth tier in Lower Austria and Vienna. Most states have 7 to 10 official tiers, but in Vienna unofficial tiers exist under the normal tiers. They are not organized by the ÖFB, but theoretically the champions of these tiers can promote to the official ÖFB-tiers.
Below shows how the current system works.
| Level | Division | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Bundesliga 12 clubs | ||||||||
| ↓↑ 1 club | |||||||||
| II | 2. Liga (Second League) 16 clubs | ||||||||
| ↓↑ 3 clubs | |||||||||
| ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | |||||||
| III | Regionalliga Ost (Regional League East) 16 clubs |
Regionalliga Mitte (Regional League Central) 16 clubs |
Regionalliga West (Regional League West) 16 clubs | ||||||
| ↓ 3 clubs | ↓ 3 clubs | ↓ 3 clubs | |||||||
| ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | ↑ 1 club | |
| IV | Landesliga Burgenland 17 clubs |
1. Niederösterreichische Landesliga 16 clubs |
Wiener Stadtliga 16 clubs |
Landesliga Steiermark 16 clubs |
OÖ Liga 14 clubs |
Kärntner Liga 16 clubs |
Salzburger Liga 16 clubs |
Regionalliga Tirol 12 clubs |
Eliteliga Voralberg 14 clubs |
| ↓↑ No. of clubs may vary (below Landesliga) | |||||||||
| V+ | Burgenland state leagues 3 tiers |
Lower Austria state leagues 5 tiers |
Vienna city leagues 4 tiers |
Styria state leagues 4 tiers |
Upper Austria state leagues 4 tiers |
Carinthia state leagues 3 tiers |
Salzburg state leagues 4 tiers |
Tirol state leagues 6 tiers |
Vorarlberg state leagues 7 tiers |
Austrian Cup
[edit]Women's football
[edit]Domestic football
[edit]Until 1982 the championship was organized by Wiener Fußball-Verband. After that date he went to the organization of the National Federation. The championship has a national character for the first two divisions, ÖFB-Frauenliga and 2. Frauenliga, which in turn is divided into three groups: Mitte / West (composed of 10 teams), Ost (11) and Süd (7). The first of each group runs the promotions for the promotion, retires the last ranked. Regional tournaments are organized, organized by the individual Federation of Land, from 3rd to 5th level.
Until 2004, the winner contested the Austrian Supercup against the winners of the Austrian Cup.
In the 2010-2011 season, 334 teams are registered[12]
National team
[edit]The Austrian women's national team debuted on July 9, 1970 before the selection of Mexico in a match won by the Mexicans by 9-0 in Italy. The Austrian women's team has not yet participated in a the FIFA Women's World Cup but reached the semi-finals of the European Championship in 2017.[13]
Largest football stadiums in Austria
[edit]Stadiums with a capacity of 30,000 or higher are included.
| # | Photo | Stadium | Capacity | Club | City | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  |
Ernst Happel Stadion | 50,865 | Austria national team, FK Austria Wien | Vienna | UEFA Category 4 stadium |
| 2 |  |
28 Black Arena | 32,000 | SK Austria Klagenfurt | Klagenfurt | |
| 3 |  |
Red Bull Arena | 31,895 | Red Bull Salzburg | Salzburg |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Austria Have Fallen A Long Way From 'Wunderteams' Of Past". 8 June 2017. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
- ^ Liga-Fussball in Österreich 1900–1995 (German) editorial: DSFS, year: 1996, page: 21
- ^ Liga-Fussball in Österreich 1900–1995 (German) editorial: DSFS, year: 1996, páge: 25
- ^ Ashdown, John (19 April 2018). "World Cup stunning moments: Austria's Wunderteam - John Ashdown". the Guardian. Archived from the original on 27 April 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ^ "Wunderteam and Cordoba: The Austrian sensations | Football - News | NDTVSports.com". Sports.ndtv.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-12-03.
- ^ Bevan, Chris (2013-11-24). "BBC Sport - Jimmy Hogan: The Englishman who inspired the Magical Magyars". Bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2015-10-16. Retrieved 2013-12-03.
- ^ "Seventy years on, 'Wunderteam' not forgotten in Austria - Taipei Times". Ns2.libertytimes.com.tw. 2013-11-27. Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2013-12-03.
- ^ Liga-Fussball in Österreich 1900–1995 (German) editorial: DSFS, a year: 1996, páge: 34
- ^ "Austria's oldest soccer club, founded by a Rothschild, faces final whistle". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 20 October 2019. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
- ^ "The striker who snubbed Hitler". Newstatesman.com. 12 June 2008. Archived from the original on 2021-08-03. Retrieved 2013-12-03.
- ^ FIFA.com (26 April 2007). "Hugo Meisl - The banker's son who masterminded a Wunderteam". Archived from the original on October 9, 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
- ^ Nachrichten, Salzburger (July 15, 2022). "Nur bei drei Bundesligisten sind auch die Frauen am Ball". Salzburger Nachrichten.
- ^ "Women's Euro 2017: Austria beat Spain to reach semi-finals". Bbc.co.uk. July 30, 2017. Archived from the original on November 20, 2021. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
External links
[edit]- League321.com - Austrian football league tables, records & statistics database.
- Austrian football league summary(flashscore)
| League competitions |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cup competitions | |||||
| National teams | |||||
| Regional associations | |||||
| History | |||||
| Lists and categories | |||||
