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1993 Aurora, Colorado shooting

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Coordinates: 39°40′31.8″N 104°50′41.4″W / 39.675500°N 104.844833°W / 39.675500; -104.844833
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This article is about the 1993 shooting in Aurora, Colorado at a Chuck E Cheese's. Not to be confused with 2012 Aurora theater shooting.

1993 Aurora, Colorado shooting
Location12293 East Iliff Avenue,
Aurora, Colorado, U.S.
DateDecember 14, 1993; 30 years ago (December 14, 1993)
10:00 p.m. (MST)
Attack type
Mass shooting, mass murder, armed robbery
Weapon.25-caliber semi-automatic pistol
Deaths4
Injured1
PerpetratorNathan Dunlap
MotiveRevenge for being fired from Chuck E. Cheese
ConvictedNathan Dunlap, Tracie Lechman[1]
VerdictGuilty on all counts
ConvictionsDunlap: Lechman:
Accessory to murder
SentenceDunlap: Lechman:
5 years imprisonment

On December 14, 1993, four employees were shot and killed, and a fifth employee was seriously injured at a Chuck E. Cheese's restaurant in Aurora, Colorado, United States. The perpetrator, 19-year-old Nathan Dunlap, a former employee of the restaurant, was frustrated about being fired five months prior to the shooting and sought revenge by committing the attack. He fled the scene of the shooting with stolen money and restaurant items. At the time, the Chuck E. Cheese Massacre was the deadliest mass shooting in Colorado, being surpassed by the Columbine High School massacre in 1999.

Dunlap was found guilty of four counts of first-degree murder, attempted murder, and other charges, and was sentenced to death by lethal injection on May 17, 1996.[2] A judge initially set an execution date for him in August 2013, but Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper signed a temporary reprieve that postponed Dunlap's execution date.

Dunlap's death sentence was commuted to life in prison without parole in 2020 after Colorado abolished the death penalty.[3]

Shooting

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Nathan Dunlap entered the restaurant at 9:00 p.m., where he ordered a ham and cheese sandwich and played an arcade game. He then hid in a restroom at about 9:50 p.m. He exited the restroom after closing at 10:05 p.m. and shot five employees with a .25-caliber semiautomatic pistol.

Dunlap first shot Sylvia Crowell, 19, who was cleaning the salad bar. She was hit from close range in the right ear and was mortally wounded. Ben Grant, 17, was fatally shot near the left eye as he was vacuuming. Colleen O'Connor, 17, was fatally shot once through the temple. Bobby Stephens, 20, the lone survivor of the shooting,[4] returned to the restaurant after taking a smoke break outside, thinking the noise he heard from inside the restaurant were children popping balloons nearby.[5]

As Stephens walked into the restaurant and unloaded utensils into the dishwasher, Dunlap came through the kitchen door, raised the handgun at him, and fired a shot that struck Stephens in the jaw. Stephens fell to the floor and played dead. Dunlap then forced Marge Kohlberg, 50, the store manager, to unlock the safe. After she opened it, Dunlap shot her in the ear. As he was taking the cash out of the safe, Dunlap fired a second fatal shot through Kohlberg's other ear after he noticed she was still moving.[6] The manager who fired Dunlap was not present at the restaurant.[7] Six spent shell casings were found inside the restaurant.[8]

Stephens escaped through a back door and walked to the nearby Mill Pond apartment complex, where he pounded on a door to alert someone that he and others had been shot at the restaurant. Stephens was hospitalized at Denver General Hospital in fair condition. As authorities arrived on the scene, they found two bodies in the restaurant's hallway, a third in a room off the hallway, and the fourth in the manager's office. Crowell was sent to Denver General Hospital, where she was declared brain dead.[6] She died from her injuries the next day at Aurora Regional Medical Center.[9]

Dunlap fled the scene with $1,500 worth of cash and game tokens he stole from inside the restaurant. He was arrested at his mother's apartment twelve hours later.[10]

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Dunlap was found guilty of four counts of first-degree murder, attempted murder, robbery, and burglary in 1996. On May 17 of that year, Dunlap was sentenced to death and an additional 108 years. During his sentencing he swore repeatedly in an outburst that lasted for three minutes.[11]

In 2008, Dunlap filed a habeas corpus petition with the federal district court, arguing that his trial attorney was ineffective by not presenting a defense on his mental health issues and child abuse.[12] In August 2010, this federal appeal was rejected. Senior U.S. District Judge John L. Kane wrote that Dunlap was fairly tried, competently represented, and justifiably sentenced to death.

On April 16, 2012, the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals denied Dunlap's appeal of his death sentence. Dunlap's lawyers argued before the 10th Circuit that Dunlap's trial lawyers were negligent during the sentencing, by not providing evidence that Dunlap suffers from a mental illness. They argued that if the jurors heard evidence of Dunlap's mental illness this would spare Dunlap from being sentenced to death.[13]

On May 1, 2013, Judge William Sylvester announced that the execution date for Dunlap would be in mid-August 2013.[14]

On May 22, 2013, Dunlap's execution was put on hold, as Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper decided against executing Dunlap or granting him clemency and instead signed a "temporary reprieve" in 2013. The reprieve meant that as long as Hickenlooper was governor, Dunlap would not likely be executed. According to Hickenlooper, one of the reasons that he did not choose full clemency was because Dunlap would have to remain segregated from the rest of the prison population. Groups, including the NAACP, contacted Hickenlooper requesting the sparing of Dunlap's life, arguing that the death penalty is disproportionately imposed on African Americans and Hispanics.[15] The reprieve also meant that unless a governor issued a new executive order, the status of the execution and clemency request would remain on hold.[16] Hickenlooper was constitutionally limited from running for a third term.[17]

On November 6, 2018, Jared Polis was elected governor.[18] During the campaign, Polis said he intended to sign a bill repealing the death penalty in Colorado. Regarding the Dunlap case, Polis said he had no problem following the current law, and that he did not think it was appropriate to comment on a specific case during a campaign before actually becoming governor and reviewing the case to make an informed decision.[19]

On March 23, 2020, Polis signed a bill repealing the death penalty. Polis also commuted the sentences for all three men on death row, including Dunlap, to life without parole.[3][20][21] Dunlap remains incarcerated at the Colorado State Penitentiary in Cañon City.

Perpetrator

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Nathan Dunlap
Born
Nathan Jerad Rochelle

(1974-04-08) April 8, 1974 (age 50)
United States
Criminal statusIncarcerated at Colorado State Penitentiary
Conviction(s)First degree murder(4 counts)
Attempted murder
Robbery
Theft
Criminal penaltyDeath plus 108 years; commuted to life imprisonment without possibility of parole

Nathan Jerard Dunlap (born April 8, 1974) was raised by his adoptive father and biological mother, who married each other when Nathan was a few months old. He had never met his biological father. Dunlap was raised in Chicago, Illinois; Memphis, Tennessee; and Michigan, and then moved to Colorado in 1984. Dunlap's mother struggled with mental health issues and was diagnosed with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. At least twice in Dunlap's junior high school years, he attempted suicide. When Dunlap was 14, his adoptive father asked the psychologist at Overland High School to evaluate him, and testing revealed signs of hypomania. No further treatment or formal diagnostic was applied.[22]

He committed several armed robberies at the age of fifteen, using a golf club and then firearms. He spent time incarcerated at a juvenile detention center, and due to an erratic episode, he was sent to a psychiatric hospital. When released, he began selling drugs. Dunlap was arrested five times on misdemeanor offenses in 1993.

Dunlap began working at the restaurant in May 1993 and was fired in July after a disagreement he had with his supervisor over schedule hours. Acquaintances of Dunlap said he was frustrated over the firing, and told a former coworker that he planned to "get even" about the termination.[23]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Tracie Lechman".
  2. ^ Patterson, Thom (December 13, 2014). "Election results favor Colorado death row inmate". CNN. WarnerMedia. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  3. ^ a b "Governor signs bill abolishing Colorado's death penalty, commutes sentences of state's 3 death row inmates". The Colorado Sun. March 23, 2020.
  4. ^ John Ingold: He survived the Aurora Chuck E. Cheese shooting 25 years ago. A possible death penalty repeal is bringing it all back up. Bobby Stephens: “It just doesn’t make sense to me that this process has been what it’s been.”, coloradosun.com, 5. März 2019
  5. ^ "Dunlap shooting survivor recounts experience". KUSA.com. May 8, 2013. Retrieved October 16, 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Nathan Dunlap: Sentenced to Death". CNN. WarnerMedia. January 16, 2015. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  7. ^ Brovsky-Eaker, Jess (May 19, 2021). "This Week in History: Colorado Repeals the Death Penalty, Commutes Sentences of Nathan Dunlap Plus Others". Law Week Colorado. Retrieved October 16, 2024.
  8. ^ Inc, 5280 Publishing (August 28, 2010). "The Politics of Killing". 5280. Retrieved October 16, 2024. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ "Ex-worker held in killings". The Denver Post. Digital First Media. December 16, 1993. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  10. ^ Gardner, Natasha; Doyle, Patrick (December 2008). "The Politics of Killing". 5280. Retrieved June 9, 2015.
  11. ^ "Condemned killer unleashes rage in court". The Denver Post. Digital First Media. May 18, 1996. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  12. ^ "Death penalty stands for Nathan Dunlap, killer of four at Aurora Chuck E. Cheese". The Denver Post. Digital First Media. August 25, 2010. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  13. ^ "Chuck E. Cheese killer Dunlap loses appeal of death sentence". The Denver Post. Digital First Media. April 16, 2012. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  14. ^ "Judge: Dunlap to be executed in August". The Denver Post. Digital First Media. May 1, 2013. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  15. ^ "Nathan Dunlap granted temporary reprieve from governor". The Denver Post. Digital First Media. May 22, 2013. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  16. ^ "D 2013-006 Executive Order Death Sentence Reprieve" (PDF). John Hickenlooper. May 22, 2013. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  17. ^ "Governor of Colorado". Ballotpedia. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  18. ^ "Jared Polis claims historic win over Walker Stapleton to become Colorado's next governor". The Denver Post. Digital First Media. November 6, 2018. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  19. ^ Birkeland, Bente (November 2, 2018). "Where Colorado's Governor Candidates Stand On Nathan Dunlap And The Death Penalty". Colorado Public Radio. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  20. ^ Kenney, Andrew (March 23, 2020). "Colorado Death Penalty Abolished, Polis Commutes Sentences Of Death Row Inmates". Colorado Public Radio. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
  21. ^ Li, David (March 23, 2020). "Colorado abolishes the death penalty". NBC News. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
  22. ^ "Petition for the executive clemency of Nathan Dunlap" (PDF). May 6, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 21, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  23. ^ "People v. Dunlap". State of Colorado. March 8, 1999. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
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39°40′31.8″N 104°50′41.4″W / 39.675500°N 104.844833°W / 39.675500; -104.844833

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