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Albert Vögler

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"Albert Vogler" redirects here. For the South African cricketer, see Bert Vogler.
Albert Vögler
Vögler portrait from Meyers Blitz-Lexikon 1932
Born
Albert Vögler

(1877-02-08)8 February 1877
Essen, Rhine Province, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire
Died14 April 1945(1945-04-14) (aged 68)
Herdecke, Allied-occupied Germany
Cause of deathSuicide by cyanide poisoning
Occupation(s)Industrialist, politician
Employer(s)Dortmunder Steel Works, Deutsch-Luxemburgische Bergwerks- und Hütten-AG mining company, Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG
Political partyGerman People's Party (member, co-founder)
Board member ofDortmunder Chamber of Commerce, Rheinisch Westfäli coal syndicate

Albert Vögler (8 February 1877 – 14 April 1945) was a German politician, industrialist and entrepreneur. He was a co-founder of the German People's Party, and an important executive in the munitions industry during World War II.

Vögler was born to Karl and Berta Vögler in Essen. He studied mechanics and engineering at high school before graduating from the University of Karlsruhe in 1901 with a degree in mechanical engineering.[1] Between 1901 and 1910 he worked as a senior engineer at the Dortmunder Steel Works, and then became a member of the executive committee in the Deutsch-Luxemburgische Bergwerks- und Hütten-AG mining company. Upon the death in 1924 of the founder, Hugo Stinnes, Vögler became manager.

In 1918, with Gustav Stresemann, Vögler was involved in the founding of the German People's Party (DVP) in the Weimar Republic. In 1924 he left the DVP. Between 1925 and 1927 he was a member of the Dortmunder Chamber of Commerce and president of the Rheinisch Westfäli coal syndicate.[1] In 1926 Vögler founded the Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG and was its chairman until 1935. In 1927 he also became an honorary board member of his old university in Karlsruhe. He also served as the president of the agricultural company called KWS.[2]

As an industrialist who financed the Nazis, Vögler was a member of the Freundeskreis der Wirtschaft. He killed himself at the end of the war.

Nazi politics

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As a business man, Vögler feared the rise of communism in Germany. Records of donations from Vögler to the Nazi Party from as early as 1931 exist. Vögler met Adolf Hitler on 11 September 1931. From 1932, Vögler openly funded the Nazi Party. He was a member of the Freundeskreis Himmler.[3]

Hitler became German Chancellor on 30 January 1933. He held a meeting with Hermann Göring, and German industrialists on 20 February 1933. Vögler was present at this meeting. Hitler presented the Nazi Party's political plans, and received a total of three million marks in donations.[1] During the latter part of the 1930s, Vögler was described by the Jewish businessman Max von der Porten as one of the industrialists who focused primarily on business, hardly spoke of politics and did not want to know anything about it.[4]

From 1940 onwards, Vögler was heavily involved with the manufacture of munitions. He served in increasingly important positions under Albert Speer in the Ruhr industrial heartland from 1942 until 1944. He helped rationalize armament production and indeed increase production at a time when Germany was clearly losing the war, following the loss of an army at Stalingrad, defeat at the Battle of El Alamein and at the Battle of Kursk. The armaments industry used much forced labour as well as slave labour so costs of manufacture were minimal.

He was president of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society (later Max Planck Society) from 1941 until his death in 1945.

Nuremberg trials

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On 14 April 1945, in order to avoid capture by the advancing US Army, Vögler committed suicide via a cyanide pill in Haus Ende, Herdecke.[5] Despite his death, he was still identified as one of the defendants in the Nuremberg trials of prominent industrialists, which prosecuted the clique of businessmen who helped Hitler.[5]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c Biographie: Albert Vögler, 1877-1945
  2. ^ Heim, Susanne (2003). Plant Breeding and Agrarian Research in Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institutes 1933-1945: Calories, Caoutchouc, Careers. Göttingen: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-4020-6717-4.
  3. ^ Berghoff, Hartmut; Rauh, Cornelia (2015-05-30). The Respectable Career of Fritz K.: The Making and Remaking of a Provincial Nazi Leader. Berghahn Books. pp. 62–63. ISBN 9781782385943.
  4. ^ Feldman, Gerald D. (2001). Allianz and the German Insurance Business, 1933–1945. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 106. ISBN 9780521809290.
  5. ^ a b Wiesen, S. Jonathan (2003-01-14). West German Industry and the Challenge of the Nazi Past, 1945-1955. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 152. ISBN 0-8078-2634-0.
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