January 4
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January 4 is the fourth day of the year in the Gregorian calendar; 361 days remain until the end of the year (362 in leap years).
Events
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina.[1]
- 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army.[2]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1642 – English Civil War: King Charles I, accompanied by 400 soldiers, attempts to arrest five members of Parliament for treason, only to discover the men had been tipped off and fled.[3]
- 1649 – English Civil War: The Rump Parliament votes to put Charles I on trial.[4]
- 1717 – The Netherlands, Great Britain, and France sign the Triple Alliance.[5]
- 1762 – Great Britain declares war on Spain, which meant the entry of Spain into the Seven Years' War.[6]
- 1798 – Constantine Hangerli arrives in Bucharest, Wallachia, as its new Prince, invested by the Ottoman Empire.[7]
- 1844 – The first issue of the Swedish-languaged Saima newspaper founded by J. V. Snellman is published in Kuopio, Finland.[8][9]
- 1853 – After having been kidnapped and sold into slavery in the American South, Solomon Northup regains his freedom; his memoir Twelve Years a Slave later becomes a national bestseller.[10]
- 1854 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the Samarang.[11]
- 1863 – The New Apostolic Church, a Christian and chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg, Germany.[12]
- 1878 – Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Sofia is liberated from Ottoman rule.[13]
- 1884 – The Fabian Society is founded in London, United Kingdom.[14]
- 1885 – Sino-French War: French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing force at Núi Bop in northern Vietnam.[15]
- 1896 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state.[16]
1901–present
[edit]- 1903 – Topsy, an elephant, is electrocuted by the owners of Luna Park, Coney Island. The Edison film company records the film Electrocuting an Elephant of Topsy's death.[17]
- 1909 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes.[18]
- 1912 – The Scout Association is incorporated throughout the British Empire by royal charter.[19]
- 1918 – The Finnish Declaration of Independence is recognized by Russia, Sweden, Germany and France.[20]
- 1944 – World War II: Operation Carpetbagger, involving the dropping of arms and supplies to resistance fighters in Europe, begins.[21]
- 1946 – The first day of a three-day “disastrous” tornado outbreak across the south-central United States leaves 41 people dead and at least 412 others injured.[22][23]
- 1948 – Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming an independent republic.[24]
- 1951 – Korean War: Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul for the second time.[25]
- 1956 – The Greek National Radical Union is formed by Konstantinos Karamanlis.[26]
- 1958 – Sputnik 1, the first artificial Earth satellite, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, falls to Earth from orbit.[27]
- 1959 – Luna 1 becomes the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon.[28]
- 1972 – Rose Heilbron becomes the first female judge to sit at the Old Bailey in London, UK.[29]
- 1975 – This date overflowed the 12-bit field that had been used in TOPS-10. There were numerous problems and crashes related to this bug while an alternative format was developed.[30]
- 1976 – The Troubles: The Ulster Volunteer Force shoots dead six Irish Catholic civilians in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The next day, gunmen would shoot dead ten Protestant civilians nearby in retaliation.[31]
- 1987 – The Maryland train collision: An Amtrak train en route to Boston from Washington, D.C., collides with Conrail engines in Chase, Maryland, United States, killing 16 people.[32]
- 1989 – Second Gulf of Sidra incident: A pair of Libyan MiG-23 "Floggers" are shot down by a pair of US Navy F-14 Tomcats during an air-to-air confrontation.[33]
- 1990 – In Pakistan's deadliest train accident an overloaded passenger train collides with an empty freight train, resulting in 307 deaths and 700 injuries.[34]
- 1998 – A massive ice storm hits eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, continuing through January 10 and causing widespread destruction.[35]
- 1999 – Former professional wrestler Jesse Ventura is sworn in as governor of Minnesota, United States.[36]
- 2000 – A Norwegian passenger train departing from Trondheim, collides with a local train coming from Hamar in Åsta, Åmot; 19 people are killed and 68 injured in the accident.[37]
- 2004 – Spirit, a NASA Mars rover, lands successfully on Mars at 04:35 UTC.[38]
- 2004 – Mikheil Saakashvili is elected President of Georgia following the November 2003 Rose Revolution.[39]
- 2006 – Ehud Olmert becomes acting Prime Minister of Israel after the incumbent, Ariel Sharon, suffers a second, apparently more serious stroke.[40]
- 2007 – The 110th United States Congress convenes, electing Nancy Pelosi as the first female Speaker of the House in U.S. history.[41]
- 2008 – A Let L-410 Turbolet crashes in the Los Roques Archipelago in Venezuela, killing 14 people.[42]
- 2010 – The Burj Khalifa, the current tallest building in the world, officially opens in Dubai.[43]
- 2013 – A gunman kills eight people in a house-to-house rampage in Kawit, Cavite, Philippines.[44]
- 2018 – Hennenman–Kroonstad train crash: A passenger train operated by Shosholoza Meyl collides with a truck on a level crossing at Geneva Station between Hennenman and Kroonstad, Free State, South Africa. Twenty people are killed and 260 injured.[45]
Births
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 659 – Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (d.680)[46][47]
- 1077 – Emperor Zhezong of China (d. 1100)[48]
- 1334 – Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy (d. 1383)[49]
- 1467 – Bodo VIII, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode (d. 1538)[50]
- 1581 – James Ussher, Irish archbishop and historian (d. 1656)[51]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1643 (NS) – Isaac Newton, English mathematician and physicist (d. 1726/27)[52]
- 1654 – Lars Roberg, Swedish physician and academic (d. 1742)[53]
- 1672 – Hugh Boulter, English-Irish archbishop (d. 1742)[54]
- 1710 – Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, Italian composer, violinist, and organist (d. 1736)[55]
- 1720 – Johann Friedrich Agricola, German organist and composer (d. 1774)[56]
- 1731 – Karl Abraham Zedlitz, Prussian minister of education (d. 1793)[57]
- 1785 – Jacob Grimm, German philologist and mythologist (d. 1863)[58]
- 1809 – Louis Braille, French educator, invented Braille (d. 1852)[59]
- 1813 – Isaac Pitman, English linguist and educator (d. 1897)[60]
- 1832 – George Tryon, English admiral (d. 1893)[61]
- 1838 – General Tom Thumb, American circus performer (d. 1883)[62]
- 1839 – Carl Humann, German archaeologist, architect, and engineer (d. 1896)[63]
- 1848 – Katsura Tarō, Japanese general and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1913)[64]
- 1858 – Carter Glass, American publisher and politician, 47th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1946)[65]
- 1864 – Clara Emilia Smitt, Swedish doctor and author (d. 1928)[66]
- 1869 – Tommy Corcoran, American baseball player and umpire (d. 1960)[67]
- 1874 – Josef Suk, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1935)[68]
- 1877 – Gibson Gowland, English film actor (d. 1951)[69]
- 1877 – Marsden Hartley, American painter and poet (d. 1943)[70]
- 1878 – A. E. Coppard, English poet and short story writer (d. 1957)[71]
- 1878 – Augustus John, Welsh painter and illustrator (d. 1961)[72]
- 1881 – Wilhelm Lehmbruck, German sculptor (d. 1919)[73]
- 1883 – Max Eastman, American author and poet (d. 1969)[74]
- 1883 – Johanna Westerdijk, Dutch pathologist and academic (d. 1961)[75]
- 1884 – Guy Pène du Bois, American painter, critic, and educator (d. 1958)[76]
- 1889 – M. Patanjali Sastri, Indian lawyer and jurist, 2nd Chief Justice of India (d. 1963)[77]
- 1891 – Edward Brooker, English-Australian sergeant and politician, 31st Premier of Tasmania (d. 1948)[78]
- 1895 – Leroy Grumman, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Grumman Aeronautical Engineering Co. (d. 1982)[79]
- 1896 – Everett Dirksen, American politician (d. 1969)[80]
- 1896 – André Masson, French painter and illustrator (d. 1987)[81]
- 1897 – Chen Cheng, Chinese politician, Vice President of the Republic of China (d. 1965)[82]
- 1900 – James Bond, American ornithologist and zoologist (d. 1989)[83]
1901–present
[edit]- 1901 – C. L. R. James, Trinidadian journalist and theorist (d. 1989)[84]
- 1902 – John A. McCone, American businessman and politician, 6th Director of Central Intelligence (d. 1991)[85]
- 1913 – Malietoa Tanumafili II, Samoan ruler (d. 2007)[86]
- 1916 – Lionel Newman, American pianist and composer (d. 1989)[87]
- 1916 – Robert Parrish, American actor and director (d. 1995)[88]
- 1920 – William Colby, American intelligence officer, 10th Director of Central Intelligence (d. 1996)[89]
- 1920 – Rosalie Crutchley, British actress (d. 1997)[90]
- 1924 – Marianne Werner, German shot putter (d. 2023)[91]
- 1925 – Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish skier and technician (d. 2003)[92]
- 1927 – Paul Desmarais, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2013)[93]
- 1927 – Barbara Rush, American actress (d. 2024)[94]
- 1929 – Günter Schabowski, German journalist and politician (d. 2015)[95]
- 1930 – Sorrell Booke, American actor and director (d. 1994)[96]
- 1930 – Don Shula, American football player and coach (d. 2020)[97]
- 1931 – William Deane, Australian judge and politician, 22nd Governor-General of Australia[98]
- 1931 – Nora Iuga, Romanian poet, writer and translator[99]
- 1932 – Carlos Saura, Spanish director and screenwriter (d. 2023)[100]
- 1934 – Rudolf Schuster, Slovak politician, 2nd President of Slovakia[101]
- 1935 – Floyd Patterson, American boxer (d. 2006)[102]
- 1937 – Grace Bumbry, American operatic soprano (d. 2023)[103]
- 1937 – Dyan Cannon, American actress, director, producer, and screenwriter[104]
- 1938 – Jim Norton, Irish stage, film and television actor[105]
- 1938 – Eberhard Wagner, German academic, linguist and author[106]
- 1940 – Brian Josephson, Welsh physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[107]
- 1940 – Gao Xingjian, Chinese novelist, playwright, and critic, Nobel Prize laureate[108]
- 1941 – George P. Cosmatos, Italian-Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 2005)[109]
- 1941 – Kalpnath Rai, Indian politician (d. 1999)[110]
- 1942 – Bolaji Akinyemi, Nigerian political scientist, academic, and politician[111]
- 1942 – Jim Downing, American race car driver and inventor[112]
- 1942 – John McLaughlin, English guitarist and songwriter[113]
- 1943 – Doris Kearns Goodwin, American historian and author[114]
- 1943 – Hwang Sok-yong, South Korean author and educator[115]
- 1944 – Gary Stevens, Australian rugby league player[116]
- 1944 – Alan Sutherland, New Zealand rugby player[117] (d. 2020)
- 1945 – Vesa-Matti Loiri, Finnish actor, musician and comedian (d. 2022)[118]
- 1945 – Richard R. Schrock, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[119]
- 1946 – Arthur Conley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2003)[120]
- 1947 – Chris Cutler, English percussionist, lyricist and music theorist[121]
- 1947 – Marie-Thérèse Letablier, French sociologist and academic[122]
- 1948 – Kostas Davourlis, Greek footballer (d. 1992)[123]
- 1948 – Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé, Malian civil servant and politician, Prime Minister of Mali (d. 2021)[124]
- 1949 – Mick Mills, English footballer and manager[125]
- 1949 – Bwanga Tshimen, Congolese footballer[126]
- 1950 – Khondakar Ashraf Hossain, Bangladesh poet and academic (d. 2013)[127]
- 1953 – Norberto Alonso, Argentinian footballer[128]
- 1954 – Rob Kerin, Australian politician, 43rd Premier of South Australia[129]
- 1954 – Tina Knowles, American fashion designer, founded House of Deréon[130]
- 1956 – Tom Borton, American jazz saxophonist, songwriter and composer (d. 2011)[131]
- 1956 – Zehava Gal-On, Israeli politician[132]
- 1956 – Ann Magnuson, American actress and performance artist[133]
- 1956 – Bernard Sumner, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer[134]
- 1957 – Patty Loveless, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[135]
- 1958 – Matt Frewer, American-Canadian actor[136]
- 1958 – Julian Sands, English actor (d. 2023)[137]
- 1960 – Gavin Miller, Australian rugby league player[138]
- 1960 – Michael Stipe, American singer-songwriter and producer[139]
- 1961 – Sidney Green, American basketball player and coach[140]
- 1961 – Cliff Levingston, American basketball player and coach[141]
- 1961 – Graham McTavish, Scottish actor and author[142]
- 1962 – Joe Kleine, American basketball player and coach[143]
- 1963 – Dave Foley, Canadian comedian, actor, director, and producer[144]
- 1963 – Till Lindemann, German singer, songwriter, and poet[145]
- 1963 – Martina Proeber, German diver[146]
- 1964 – Susan Devoy, New Zealand squash player[147]
- 1964 – Dot-Marie Jones, American actress and athlete[137]
- 1964 – Adrian Shelford, New Zealand rugby league player (d. 2003)[148]
- 1965 – Guy Forget, French tennis player[149]
- 1965 – Craig Revel Horwood, Australian-English dancer, choreographer, and director[150]
- 1965 – Julia Ormond, English actress and producer[151]
- 1966 – Deana Carter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[152]
- 1967 – Johnny Nelson, English boxer and sportscaster[153]
- 1967 – David Toms, American golfer and philanthropist[154]
- 1967 – David Wilson, Australian rugby player[155]
- 1969 – Corie Blount, American basketball player[156]
- 1969 – Kees van Wonderen, Dutch footballer and manager[157]
- 1970 – Josh Stamberg, American actor[137]
- 1971 – Shane Walker, Australian rugby league player[158]
- 1971 – Colin Ward, Australian rugby league player[159]
- 1973 – Frank Høj, Danish cyclist[160]
- 1974 – Danilo Hondo, German cyclist[161]
- 1975 – Shane Carwin, American mixed martial artist and wrestler[162]
- 1975 – Paul Watson, English footballer and physiotherapist[163]
- 1976 – Ted Lilly, American baseball player[164]
- 1978 – Dominik Hrbatý, Slovak tennis player[165]
- 1979 – Shergo Biran, German footballer[166]
- 1979 – Tristan Gommendy, French racing driver[167]
- 1980 – D'Arcy Carden, American actress and comedian[137]
- 1980 – Miguel Monteiro, Portuguese footballer[168]
- 1980 – Justin Ontong, South African cricketer[169]
- 1982 – Richard Logan, English footballer[170]
- 1982 – Danny Sullivan, Australian rugby league player[171]
- 1983 – Will Bynum, American basketball player[172]
- 1983 – Richard Rankin, Scottish film, television and theatre actor[173]
- 1984 – Jiří Hudler, Czech ice hockey player[174]
- 1985 – Lenora Crichlow, British actress[175]
- 1985 – Kari Aalvik Grimsbø, Norwegian handball player[176]
- 1985 – Gökhan Gönül, Turkish footballer[177]
- 1985 – Al Jefferson, American basketball player[178]
- 1986 – Younès Kaboul, French footballer[179]
- 1986 – Andrei Krauchanka, Belarusian decathlete[180]
- 1986 – James Milner, English footballer[181]
- 1986 – Charlyne Yi, American actor, comedian, musician, and writer[137]
- 1987 – Marissa Coleman, American basketball player[182]
- 1987 – Kay Voser, Swiss footballer[183]
- 1988 – Anestis Argyriou, Greek footballer[184]
- 1988 – Maximilian Riedmüller, German footballer[185]
- 1989 – Kevin Pillar, American baseball player[186]
- 1989 – Graham Rahal, American race car driver[187]
- 1990 – Iago Falque, Spanish footballer[188]
- 1990 – Raisel Iglesias, Cuban baseball player[189]
- 1990 – Toni Kroos, German footballer[190]
- 1990 – Alberto Paloschi, Italian footballer[191]
- 1991 – Charles Melton, American actor[145]
- 1992 – Kris Bryant, American baseball player[192]
- 1993 – James Michael McAdoo, American basketball player[193]
- 1993 – Mahmoud Metwalli, Egyptian footballer[194]
- 1994 – Derrick Henry, American football player[195]
- 1996 – Michael Dickson, Australian gridiron football player[196]
- 1996 – Jackson Hastings, Australian rugby league player[197]
- 1996 – Jasmine Paolini, Italian tennis player[198]
- 1997 – Ante Žižić, Croatian basketball player[199]
- 1998 – Coco Jones, American singer-songwriter and actress[145]
- 1998 – Arnoldas Kulboka, Lithuanian basketball player[200]
- 1998 – Liza Soberano, Filipina actress[201]
- 1999 – Nico Hischier, Swiss ice hockey player[202]
- 1999 – Jaeman Salmon, Australian rugby league player[203]
- 1999 – Collin Sexton, American basketball player[204]
- 2003 – Jaeden Martell, American actor[145]
- 2004 – Victor Wembanyama, French basketball player[205]
- 2005 – Dafne Keen, British-Spanish actress[206]
- 2005 – Rob Dillingham, American basketball player[207]
Deaths
[edit]Pre-1600
[edit]- 871 – Æthelwulf, Saxon ealdorman[2]
- 874 – Hasan al-Askari, eleventh of the Twelve Imams (probable;[208] b. 846)
- 1248 – Sancho II of Portugal (b. 1209)[209]
- 1344 – Robert de Lisle, 1st Baron Lisle, English peer (b. 1288)[210]
- 1399 – Nicholas Eymerich, Catalan theologian and inquisitor[211]
- 1424 – Muzio Sforza, Italian condottiero (b. 1369)[212]
- 1428 – Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1370)[213]
- 1584 – Tobias Stimmer, Swiss painter and illustrator (b. 1539)[214]
1601–1900
[edit]- 1604 – Ferenc Nádasdy, Hungarian noble (b. 1555)[215]
- 1695 – François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg, French general (b. 1628)[216]
- 1761 – Stephen Hales, English clergyman and physiologist (b. 1677)[217]
- 1782 – Ange-Jacques Gabriel, French architect, designed École Militaire (b. 1698)[218]
- 1786 – Moses Mendelssohn, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1729)[219]
- 1804 – Charlotte Lennox, English author and poet (b. 1730)[220]
- 1821 – Elizabeth Ann Seton, American nun and saint (b. 1774)[221]
- 1825 – Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (b. 1751)[222]
- 1863 – Roger Hanson, American general (b. 1827)[223]
- 1874 – Thomas Gregson, English-Australian lawyer and politician, 2nd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1798)[224]
- 1877 – Cornelius Vanderbilt, American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1794)[225]
- 1880 – Anselm Feuerbach, German painter and educator (b. 1829)[226]
- 1880 – Edward William Cooke, English painter and illustrator (b. 1811)[227]
- 1882 – John William Draper, English-American physician, chemist, and photographer (b. 1811)[228]
- 1883 – Antoine Chanzy, French general (b. 1823)[229]
- 1891 – Antoine Labelle, Canadian priest (b. 1833)[230]
- 1896 – Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German bishop and academic (b. 1821)[231]
- 1900 – Stanisław Mieroszewski, Polish-born politician, writer, historian and member of the Imperial Council of Austria (b. 1827)[232]
1901–present
[edit]- 1904 – Anna Winlock, American astronomer and academic (b. 1857)[233]
- 1910 – Léon Delagrange, French pilot and sculptor (b. 1873)[234]
- 1912 – Clarence Dutton, American geologist and soldier (b. 1841)[235]
- 1919 – Georg von Hertling, German academic and politician, 7th Chancellor of the German Empire (b. 1843)[236]
- 1920 – Benito Pérez Galdós, Spanish author and playwright (b. 1843)[237]
- 1924 – Alfred Grünfeld, Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1852)[238]
- 1925 – Nellie Cashman, American nurse, restaurateur, entrepreneur, and gold prospector (b. 1845)[239]
- 1927 – Süleyman Nazif, Turkish poet and civil servant (b. 1870)[240]
- 1931 – Art Acord, American actor and stuntman (b. 1890)[241]
- 1931 – Louise, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom (b. 1867)[242]
- 1931 – Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Indian Muslim activist (b. 1878)[243]
- 1941 – Henri Bergson, French philosopher and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)[244]
- 1943 – Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz, Greek-Polish swimmer and water polo player (b. 1911)[245]
- 1943 – Marina Raskova, Russian pilot and navigator (b. 1912)[246]
- 1944 – Kaj Munk, Danish playwright and pastor (b. 1898)[247]
- 1960 – Albert Camus, French novelist, philosopher, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)[248]
- 1961 – Erwin Schrödinger, Austrian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)[249]
- 1965 – T. S. Eliot, American-English poet, playwright, and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)[250]
- 1967 – Donald Campbell, English racing driver and world speed record holder (b. 1921)[251]
- 1969 – Paul Chambers, American bassist and composer (b. 1935)[252]
- 1975 – Carlo Levi, Italian painter, author, and activist (b. 1902)[253]
- 1985 – Brian Horrocks, Indian-English general (b. 1895)[254]
- 1986 – Christopher Isherwood, English-American author and academic (b. 1904)[255]
- 1986 – Phil Lynott, Irish singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (b. 1949)[256]
- 1988 – Lily Laskine, French harp player (b. 1893)[257]
- 1990 – Harold Eugene Edgerton, American engineer and academic (b. 1903)[258]
- 1990 – Henry Bolte, Australian politician, 38th Premier of Victoria (b. 1908)[259]
- 1994 – R. D. Burman, Indian film composer and music director (b. 1939)[260]
- 1995 – Eduardo Mata, Mexican conductor and composer (b. 1942)[261]
- 1995 – Sol Tax, American anthropologist and academic (b. 1907)[262]
- 1997 – Harry Helmsley, American businessman (b. 1909)[263]
- 1998 – Mae Questel, American actress (b. 1908)[264]
- 1999 – Iron Eyes Cody, American actor and stuntman (b. 1904)[265]
- 2001 – Les Brown, American bandleader and composer (b. 1912)[266]
- 2004 – Brian Gibson, English director and screenwriter (b. 1944)[267]
- 2004 – Joan Aiken, English author (b. 1924)[268]
- 2004 – John Toland, American historian and author (b. 1912)[269]
- 2005 – Bud Poile, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1924)[270]
- 2005 – Frank Harary, American mathematician and academic (b. 1921)[271]
- 2005 – Humphrey Carpenter, English radio host and author (b. 1946)[272]
- 2005 – Robert Heilbroner, American economist and historian (b. 1919)[273]
- 2006 – Irving Layton, Romanian-Canadian poet and academic (b. 1912)[274]
- 2006 – Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Emirati politician, 1st Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (b. 1946)[275]
- 2006 – Milton Himmelfarb, American sociographer, author, and academic (b. 1918)[276]
- 2007 – Helen Hill, American director and producer (b. 1970)[277]
- 2007 – Marais Viljoen, South African politician, 5th State President of South Africa (b. 1915)[278]
- 2008 – Xavier Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan journalist (b. 1932)[279]
- 2009 – Gert Jonke, Austrian poet, playwright, and author (b. 1946)[280]
- 2010 – Johan Ferrier, Surinamese educator and politician, 1st President of Suriname (b. 1910)[281]
- 2010 – Tsutomu Yamaguchi, Japanese engineer (b. 1916)[282]
- 2011 – Coen Moulijn, Dutch footballer (b. 1937)[283]
- 2011 – Gerry Rafferty, Scottish singer-songwriter (b. 1947)[284]
- 2011 – Salmaan Taseer, Pakistani businessman and politician, 26th Governor of Punjab, Pakistan (b. 1944)[285]
- 2012 – Eve Arnold, American photographer and journalist (b. 1912)[286]
- 2012 – Rod Robbie, English-Canadian architect, designed the Canadian Pavilion and Rogers Centre (b. 1928)[287]
- 2013 – Anwar Shamim, Pakistani general (b. 1931)[288]
- 2013 – Zoran Žižić, Montenegrin politician, 4th Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (b. 1951)[289]
- 2015 – Pino Daniele, Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1955)[290]
- 2016 – S. H. Kapadia, Indian lawyer, judge, and politician, 38th Chief Justice of India (b. 1947)[291]
- 2016 – Stephen W. Bosworth, American academic and diplomat, United States Ambassador to South Korea (b. 1939)[292]
- 2017 – Milt Schmidt, Canadian ice hockey player, coach and general manager (b. 1918)[293]
- 2017 – Georges Prêtre, French orchestral and opera conductor (b. 1924)[294]
- 2019 – Harold Brown, 14th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1927)[295]
- 2020 – Tom Long, Australian actor (b. 1968)[296]
- 2021 – Tanya Roberts, American actress (b. 1949)[297]
- 2023 – Rosi Mittermaier, German alpine skier and Olympic champion (b. 1950)[298]
- 2024 – Glynis Johns, British actress and singer (b. 1923)[299]
- 2024 – David Soul, American-British actor and singer (b. 1943)[300]
- 2024 – Christian Oliver, German actor (b. 1972)[301]
Holidays and observances
[edit]- Christian feast day:
- The eleventh of the Twelve Days of Christmas. (Western Christianity)[308]
- Independence Day (Myanmar), celebrates the independence of Myanmar from the United Kingdom in 1948.[309]
- Colonial Martyrs Repression Day (Angola)[310]
- Day of the Martyrs (Democratic Republic of the Congo)[311]
- Ogoni Day (Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People)[312]
- Tokyo Dome Show: The annual Wrestle Kingdom event run by New Japan Pro-Wrestling[313]
- World Braille Day[314]
Notes
[edit]- Watkins, Basil (2015). The Book of Saints: A Comprehensive Biographical Dictionary. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 604. ISBN 978-0-567-66456-3.
References
[edit]- ^ Evelyn Shirley Shuckburgh (1902). A History of Rome to the Battle of Actium. Macmillan.
- ^ a b Mark Grossman (2007). World Military Leaders: A Biographical Dictionary. Infobase Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-8160-7477-8.
- ^ Miller, John (2006). The Stuarts. London: Hambledon and London. p. 30. ISBN 9781852855451. Archived from the original on 2023-11-02. Retrieved 2023-01-04.
- ^ Corinne Weston (22 January 2010). English Constitutional Theory and the House of Lords 1556-1832 (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-136-97269-0.
- ^ The Cambridge Modern History. CUP Archive. 1907. p. 27.
- ^ Junius P. Rodriguez (2002). The Louisiana Purchase: A Historical and Geographical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 118. ISBN 978-1-57607-188-5.
- ^ Anton Caragea, "Ceasul cel mare al lui Constantin Hangerli" ("Constantin Hangerli's Big Hour"), in Magazin Istoric, December 2000
- ^ "Saima". Digital Collections. The National Library of Finland. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
- ^ "Saima nro 1, 4.1.1844". Selected Works of J V. Snellman. Archived from the original on 22 January 2024. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
- ^ Joseph Stromberg (3 March 2014). "The New York Times' 1853 Coverage of Solomon Northup, the Hero of "12 Years A Slave"". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
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External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to January 4.
- BBC: On This Day Archived 2007-01-18 at the Wayback Machine
- The New York Times: On This Day
- Historical Events on January 4 Archived 2020-06-20 at the Wayback Machine