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2011 Italian referendums

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2011 Italian referendums

A nationwide abrogative referendum was held in Italy on 12 and 13 June 2011, on four questions concerning the repeal of recent laws regarding the privatisation of water services (two questions), a return to the nuclear energy which had been phased out after the 1987 referendum, and criminal procedure, specifically a provision exempting the Prime Minister and the Ministers from appearing in court. The first aim of those campaigning for a yes vote was to ensure that the quorum (50% + 1) of the electorate was reached.[1]

Collecting the needed 500,000 signatures started in April 2010. In two months che signatures deposited where 1,4 milion. The Italian Supreme Court (Court of Cassation) validated two questions about water issues in January 2011 and ruled the referendum to be held on 12–13 June 2011.[2][3]

The Italians with the right to vote numbered 47,118,352 (22,604,349 men and 24,514,003 women), in addition to 3,300,496 Italians resident abroad. In order for the quorum to be reached, at least 25.209.425 votes for each question had to be cast.[4]

Turnout, while below general election records, was higher than it had been for any referendum since 1995; on 12 June 2011, turnout had reached 11.64% at midday,[5] and 30.32% at 19.00, indicating that the necessary quorum would likely be reached.[6] When polls closed on 13 June 2011, turnout was 56.9%, with clear majorities of 94.6% to 96.1% in favour on all questions,[7] meaning that about 53,8% to 54,7% of electorate approved them. Silvio Berlusconi, the then-Prime Minister, implicitly invited to boycott the vote in the hope that the required quorum would not be met.[8]

Position of main political parties

[edit]

Parties with parliamentary representation

[edit]
Party 1st question 2nd question 3rd question 4th question Source
Alliance for Italy No No Yes Yes [9]
Future and Freedom ND ND ND ND [10][11]
Italy of Values Yes Yes Yes Yes [12]
Lega Nord ND ND ND ND [13]
Movement for Autonomies Yes Yes Yes Yes [14]
Democratic Party Yes Yes Yes Yes [15]
The People of Freedom Abstention Abstention Abstention Abstention [16]
Italian Radicals ND ND Yes Yes [17]
South Tyrolean People's Party Yes Yes Yes Yes [18]
Union of the Centre No No ND Yes [19]

ND = no direction.

Parties without parliamentary representation

[edit]
Party 1st question 2nd question 3rd question 4th question Source
Federation of the Left Yes Yes Yes Yes [20]
Tricolour Flame Yes Yes ND Abstention [21]
New Force Yes Yes Yes Yes [22]
The Right Yes Yes Yes Abstention [23]
Five Star Movement Yes Yes Yes Yes [24]
Workers' Communist Party Yes Yes Yes Yes [25]
Italian Socialist Party Yes Yes Yes Yes [26]
Pensioners' Party Yes Yes Yes Yes [27]
Critical Left Yes Yes Yes Yes [28]
Left Ecology Freedom Yes Yes Yes Yes [29]
Federation of the Greens Yes Yes Yes Yes [30]

High offices of the Republic

[edit]

The President of the Republic Giorgio Napolitano declared he would take part to the referendums, without revealing his intentions regarding the votes.[31]

The President of the Senate of the Republic Renato Schifani underlined the importance of the vote as a form of democratic participation and said he would vote.[32]

The President of the Chamber of Deputies Gianfranco Fini declared he would vote.[33]

The President of the Council of ministers Silvio Berlusconi declared he would not vote.[34] His statement, "the Constitution gives the right to citizens to say yes or no to the referendum, but also to say 'I do not mind this question, I do not vote'", was considered an implicit invitation for his electorate to abstain, so that the referendums would fail quorum.[8]

Privatization of water services

[edit]
  • Ballot Colour: Red.
  • Description: Repeal of the law that allowed the private sector to be entrusted the management of local public services.
Repeal the law that allowed the private sector to be entrusted the management of local public services.
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 25,935,372 95.35
No 1,265,495 4.65
Valid votes 27,200,867 98.42
Invalid or blank votes 437,078 1.58
Total votes 27,637,945 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 50,594,868 54.81
Source: Ministry of the Interior, Italy
Votes relative to the total number of registered voters
checkY Yes
 
 51.26%
☒N No
 
 2.50%

Profit on water services

[edit]
  • Ballot Colour: Yellow
  • Description: Repeal of the regulations governing the determination of tariffs for water supply services, in the part where they provided that the amount must assure a return on the invested capital.
Repeal regulations that determine that water tariffs must assure a return on invested capital.
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 26,130,637 95.80
No 1,146,639 4.20
Valid votes 27,277,276 98.68
Invalid or blank votes 365,181 1.32
Total votes 27,642,457 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 50,594,868 54.82
Source: Ministry of the Interior, Italy
Votes as a percentage of total number of registered voters
checkY Yes
 
 51.65%
☒N No
 
 2.27%

Nuclear power

[edit]
  • Ballot Colour: grey.
  • Description: Repeal of the new laws that allowed the operation of nuclear powerplants on Italian territory.
Choice Votes %
checkY Yes 25,643,652 94.05
No 1,622,090 5.95
Invalid/blank votes 359,180 –
Total 27,624,922 100
Registered voters/turnout 50,594,868 54.79
Source: Italian Ministry of the Interior
Votes as a percentage of total number of registered voters
checkY Yes
 
 50.68%
☒N No
 
 3.21%
[edit]
  • Ballot Colour: green.
  • Description: Repeal of the provisions introducing legittimo impedimento, which allowed the President of the Council of Ministers and the Ministers to be excused from appearing in court if prevented from doing so by government commitments.
Choice Votes %
checkY Yes 25,736,273 94.62
No 1,462,888 5.38
Invalid/blank votes 422,785 –
Total 27,622,369 100
Registered voters/turnout 50,594,868 54.78
Source: Italian Ministry of the Interior
Votes as a percentage of total number of registered voters
checkY Yes
 
 50.87%
☒N No
 
 2.89%

Results by region

[edit]
Region Voting % Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4
Valle d'Aosta 60.85% Yes 96.6%
No 3.4%		 Yes 97.0%
No 3.0%		 Yes 95.2%
No 4.8%		 Yes 95.8%
No 4.2%
Piedmont 59.00% Yes 94.7%
No 5.3%		 Yes 95.2%
No 4.8%		 Yes 93.1%
No 6.9%		 Yes 94.3%
No 5.7%
Liguria 59.45% Yes 95.7%
No 4.3%		 Yes 96.2%
No 3.8%		 Yes 94.0%
No 6.0%		 Yes 95.0%
No 5.0%
Lombardy 54.40% Yes 93.4%
No 6.6%		 Yes 94.1%
No 5.9%		 Yes 91.6%
No 8.4%		 Yes 93.2%
No 6.8%
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol 64.60% Yes 96.8%
No 3.2%		 Yes 97.1%
No 2.9%		 Yes 96.1%
No 3.9%		 Yes 96.3%
No 3.7%
Veneto 58.90% Yes 94.7%
No 5.3%		 Yes 95.3%
No 4.7%		 Yes 93.5%
No 6.5%		 Yes 93.7%
No 6.3%
Friuli-Venezia Giulia 58.20% Yes 95.0%
No 5.0%		 Yes 95.6%
No 4.4%		 Yes 93.4%
No 6.6%		 Yes 93.9%
No 6.1%
Emilia-Romagna 64.15% Yes 95.0%
No 5.0%		 Yes 95.4%
No 4.6%		 Yes 94.3%
No 5.7%		 Yes 95.0%
No 5.0%
Tuscany 63.60% Yes 95.7%
No 4.3%		 Yes 96.0%
No 4.0%		 Yes 95.1%
No 4.9%		 Yes 95.5%
No 4.5%
Marche 61.60% Yes 95.9%
No 4.1%		 Yes 96.3%
No 3.7%		 Yes 95.2%
No 4.8%		 Yes 95.3%
No 4.7%
Umbria 59.20% Yes 95.5%
No 4.5%		 Yes 96.1%
No 3.9%		 Yes 94.7%
No 5.3%		 Yes 95.1%
No 4.9%
Lazio 58.90% Yes 96.3%
No 3.7%		 Yes 96.9%
No 3.1%		 Yes 95.1%
No 4.9%		 Yes 95.5%
No 4.5%
Abruzzo 57.50% Yes 96.4%
No 3.5%		 Yes 97.0%
No 3.0%		 Yes 95.7%
No 4.3%		 Yes 95.6%
No 4.4%
Molise 58.70% Yes 97.4%
No 2.6%		 Yes 97.8%
No 2.2%		 Yes 96.8%
No 3.2%		 Yes 96.5%
No 3.5%
Campania 52.30% Yes 97.8%
No 2.2%		 Yes 98.1%
No 1.9%		 Yes 96.7%
No 3.3%		 Yes 96.8%
No 3.2%
Basilicata 54.35% Yes 97.3%
No 2.7%		 Yes 97.7%
No 2.3%		 Yes 96.8%
No 3.2%		 Yes 96.7%
No 3.3%
Apulia 52.50% Yes 97.3%
No 2.7%		 Yes 97.6%
No 2.4%		 Yes 96.7%
No 3.3%		 Yes 96.4%
No 3.6%
Calabria 50.35% Yes 98.0%
No 2.0%		 Yes 98.3%
No 1.7%		 Yes 97.3%
No 2.7%		 Yes 96.9%
No 3.1%
Sicily 52.70% Yes 97.6%
No 2.4%		 Yes 97.9%
No 2.1%		 Yes 96.5%
No 3.5%		 Yes 96.2%
No 3.8%
Sardinia 58.60% Yes 98.2%
No 1.8%		 Yes 98.5%
No 1.5%		 Yes 98.4%
No 1.6%		 Yes 96.5%
No 3.5%

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Donovan, Jeffrey; Totaro, Lorenzo (1 June 2011). "Italy elections: Berlusconi losing grasp on power". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  2. ^ "Referendum on water privatisation in Italy". www.epsu.org/. 17 January 2011. Archived from the original on 21 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  3. ^ "Primo maggio, inizia la raccolta firme per il referendum contro il nucleare". www.blogeko.it (in Italian). 1 May 2010. Archived from the original on 9 May 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  4. ^ "Referendum – Ministero dell'Interno". referendum.interno.it. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  5. ^ "la notizia � stata spostata o eliminatadal Database". salernonotizie.it. Archived from the original on 8 November 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2011.
  6. ^ "L'affluenza alle 19". Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2011.
  7. ^ "Referendum popolare 12–13 giugno 2011 – la Repubblica.it".
  8. ^ a b Di Caro Paola (12 May 2000). "Referendum, Berlusconi per l'astensione" (in Italian). il Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
  9. ^ "Rutelli: Bene Cassazione, ora vittoria sì su nucleare". Alleanza per l'Italia. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  10. ^ "Fini: ai Referendum andrò a votare, spero anche gli Italiani". Futuro e Libertà. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  11. ^ "Referendum, Fini: importante andare a votare. Ma Fli si spacca". Il Messaggero. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  12. ^ "Referendum: 'Non c'è più tempo. Ora, è ora!'". Italia dei Valori. Archived from the original on 3 June 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  13. ^ "Lega, l'annuncio del capogruppo alla Camera Reguzzoni: «Lasceremo libertà di coscienza sui 4 quesiti»". Corriere della Sera. 8 June 2011.
  14. ^ "Lombardo: no a nucleare e legittimo impedimento, sì all'acqua pubblica". Movimento per le Autonomie. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  15. ^ "Cartolina referendum". Partito Democratico. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  16. ^ "Nucleare: Pdl, liberta' voto su referendum". Il Secolo XIX. June 2011. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  17. ^ "Difendi i referendum del 12 e 13 giugno con una donazione". Radicali Italiani. Archived from the original on 28 May 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  18. ^ "Abstimmungs- empfehlung der Südtiroler Volkspartei zu den Volksabstimmungen vom 12. und 13. Juni". Südtiroler Volkspartei. Archived from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  19. ^ "Referendum: Cesa, bisogna andare a votare". Unione di Centro. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2011.
  20. ^ "Federazione della Sinistra".
  21. ^ Fiammatricolore.com Archived 2011-06-26 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ Forzanuova.org Archived 2011-05-30 at the Wayback Machine
  23. ^ "AgenziaParlamentare".
  24. ^ BeppeGrillo.it Archived 2011-06-09 at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ "Volantino nazionale PCL".
  26. ^ "PSI". Archived from the original on 18 June 2011.
  27. ^ [dead link‍]
  28. ^ [dead link‍]
  29. ^ Sinistra Ecologia Liberta - Battiquorum
  30. ^ Verdi.it Archived 2011-05-17 at the Wayback Machine
  31. ^ "Napolitano: 'Sono un elettore che fa sempre il suo dovere'" (in Italian). rainews24.rai.it. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  32. ^ "Referendum: Schifani andrà alle urne, voterà a Palermo" (in Italian). La Provincia di Como. 10 June 2011. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  33. ^ "Granata: "Fini invita a partecipazione attiva"". la Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 10 October 2011.
  34. ^ "Berlusconi annuncia: "Non andrò a votare al referendum"". Il Sole 24 Ore (in Italian). Retrieved 10 October 2011.
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