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1988 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season

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1988 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season
OwnerHugh Culverhouse
Head coachRay Perkins
Home fieldTampa Stadium
Results
Record5–11
Division place3rd NFC Central
Playoff finishDid not qualify
Pro BowlersC Randy Grimes (alternate)
AP All-ProsLT Paul Gruber (honorable mention)
Team MVPWR Bruce Hill

The 1988 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season was the franchise's 13th season in the National Football League the 13th playing their home games at Tampa Stadium and the 2nd under head coach Ray Perkins. Perkins had by now rebuilt the Buccaneers as the NFL's youngest team, having replaced so many veterans that leadership became an issue. A strong draft produced several starters, including standout offensive tackle Paul Gruber. The team was largely competitive and showed an ability to outplay opponents in the second half of games, but continued their tendency toward mental errors, and finished with a disappointing 5–11 record. Second-year quarterback Vinny Testaverde was inconsistent: an effective leader at times, as in their late-season upset of the AFC-leading Buffalo Bills, mistake-prone at others. His 35 interceptions are still (as of 2017) a team record. His frequent costly errors caused the coaching staff to lose confidence in him, and at one point to replace him with backup Joe Ferguson. The team finished the season on a strong note with wins in two of their final three games, including respectable performances against two playoff contenders.

Offseason

[edit]

National Football League Players Association figures showed the Buccaneers to have the lowest average salaries in the NFL, despite having one of the league's highest-paid players in Vinny Testaverde. Team assistant Phil Krueger disputed the accuracy of the figures.[1] The team filed suit against former linebacker Hugh Green, saying that he still owed more than half of the signing bonus that he was required to repay as part of his trade to Miami.[2]

Founding coach John McKay was honored with election to the College Football Hall of Fame.[3]

Personnel moves

[edit]

The team was especially active in the offseason, with as many as 123 players on the roster over the summer.[4] They had finished the previous season as the league's youngest team, with an average age of 25, and with the release of several veterans were expected to get even younger.[5] The team declined to make qualifying offers to tackle Marvin Powell and punter Frank Garcia, who became free agents with the expiration of their contracts. Powell spoke highly of the team and fondly of his days in Tampa, a sharp contrast with his acrimonious departure from the New York Jets,[6] who were later cleared of charges of unfair labor practices that were filed when the Jets released him a week after he was elected union president.[7] Several free agents were signed during the offseason, including former Hurricanes and Dolphins linebacker Jay Brophy, and former Buccaneer replacement player Harold Ricks.[8] Former starting quarterback Steve DeBerg was traded to the Kansas City Chiefs for safety Mark Robinson and a pair of draft choices.[9] The move was considered to be a calculated risk, because the team gained a draft pick and a player at a problem area, while they lost experience from a young team. The departure of DeBerg, combined with the loss of quarterbacks coach Marc Trestman to the Cleveland Browns, left only Perkins, who also served as the team's head coach, general manager, and offensive coordinator, to coach Testaverde.[10] Robinson, who had been unable to break into the Chiefs’ starting lineup behind Deron Cherry and Lloyd Burruss, reunited with Chiefs’ secondary coach Doug Graber, now the defensive coordinator at Tampa Bay.[11]

The team's initial qualifying offers to Scot Brantley, George Yarno, and Bobby Kemp were later withdrawn. Injuries had affected Brantley's play over the last several years. Kemp had started all non-strike games the previous season, but was released due to his lack of speed. Yarno requested the release so that he might have a chance to catch on with another team after being told that his chances of making the team were poor.[12] Several of the previous season's backups were released, including Steve Bartalo, Charles Gladman, Harold Ricks, Conrad Goode, and Mike Stensrud. Ricks and Gladman were replacement players who had been retained by the team when regular play resumed.[13][14] Kicker Van Tiffin and defensive back Rodney Bellinger were signed as free agents.[15] They were also rumored to be interested in acquiring receiver Wes Chandler from San Diego.[16] Buffalo Bills linebacker Eugene Marve was acquired for a 1989 draft pick.[17] Marve was a longtime Bills starter who was made expendable by the drafting of Shane Conlan.[18] Perkins later referred to the trade as an "absolute steal". The acquisition of Marve allowed the team to release their leading tackler Jeff Davis, whose request for a trade they had been unable to accommodate.[19]

Coaching changes

[edit]

The Buccaneers’ 1988 coaching staff was nearly identical to their 1987 staff, with the exception of Perkins taking over the quarterback-coaching duties from the departed Marc Trestman, and the addition of Mike Shula as an offensive assistant. Shula became the NFL's youngest assistant coach, having been a draft pick of the team the previous year. Perkins had close ties to Shula, having coached him in college, and having been coached by his father, Don Shula, as a receiver with the Baltimore Colts.[20] Shula assumed some of the responsibility for coaching Vinny Testaverde, although Shula was 17 months younger than Testaverde and was drafted in the same year.[21]

NFL draft

[edit]

A pair of draft-day trades gained the Buccaneers two extra fourth-round picks; Perkins reasoning that after the first dozen or so selections, the talent level is fairly similar between the next 100 players.[22]

Pick Round Player Position School
4 1 Paul Gruber Offensive tackle Wisconsin
53 2 (from San Francisco) Lars Tate Running Back Georgia
83 4 (from Philadelphia) Robert Goff Defensive End Auburn
86 4 (from Kansas City) John Bruhin Guard Tennessee
107 4 (from San Francisco) Monte Robbins Punter Michigan
113 5 William Howard Running Back Tennessee
163 6 (from San Francisco) Shawn Lee Defensive Tackle North Alabama
167 7 Kerry Goode Running Back Alabama
198 8 Anthony Simpson Running Back East Carolina
225 9 Reuben Davis Defensive End North Carolina
279 11 Frank Pillow Wide Receiver Tennessee State
310 12 Victor Jones Inside Linebacker Virginia Tech

The Buccaneers traded their second-round pick, the 30th overall, to the Philadelphia Eagles for their second- and fourth-round picks, the 39th- and 83rd-overall. The second-round pick at #39 was then traded to the San Francisco 49ers for their second- and fourth- round picks, the 53rd- and 108th-overall.[22] The Buccaneers also had Kansas City's fourth- and eighth-round picks, from the Steve DeBerg trade.[9] The sixth-round pick used to select Shawn Lee came from the 49ers in exchange for Keith Browner.[23] The Buccaneers’ original fourth-round pick had been traded to New England, for a 1987 fifth-round pick. Their third-round pick was used to select Dan Sileo in a 1987 supplemental draft.

Draft selections

[edit]

Despite pre-draft talk that they would select South Carolina wide receiver Sterling Sharpe with their fourth-overall pick, the Buccaneers took Wisconsin tackle Paul Gruber. Gruber was considered to be the best offensive lineman in the draft, and Perkins said that he would have drafted Gruber even if the Buccaneers had the first overall selection.[22] Perkins had never drafted an offensive lineman higher than the fourth round, but left tackle had been a problem spot the previous season, and Perkins compared Gruber's abilities to those of John Hannah.[24] Perkins said that his change of mind about spending high picks on left tackles came about because the way that many teams were now lining up their best athletes at right end or outside linebacker had caused left tackle to become a skill position.[25] The selection of Gruber had a ripple effect on the rest of the draft, as it affected the Jets’ and Giants’ selections shortly thereafter.[26]

The only well-known player the Buccaneers drafted was Lars Tate, who had scored 30 touchdowns at Georgia.[27] Perkins claimed that Tate was the running back that the team had rated highest before their trades were made, and that they were surprised to find him still available in the lower second round. Robert Goff was expected to provide help with the pass rush, and John Bruhin was selected because he was the highest-rated player available. William Howard was considered to be a good short-yardage and goal-line running back.[22]

Of the second day's choices, Kerry Goode was considered particularly intriguing. One of Perkins’ former players at Alabama, he had been one of the Southeastern Conference's top running backs before suffering a knee injury, and after recovering had been unable to get past Bobby Humphrey into the starting lineup. With defensive line considered to be the team's most pressing need, they drafted North Alabama tackle Shawn Lee in the sixth round, and North Carolina tackle Reuben Davis in the ninth.[28] Lee, a converted linebacker, impressed scouts with unusual speed and agility for a defensive lineman.[29] The team drafted four running backs for the second year in a row. Despite the draft's unusual depth of talent at wide receiver, the Buccaneers’ only selection at that position was 11th-round choice Frank Pillow of Tennessee State University. Several receivers the Buccaneers were interested in were taken by the team picking directly ahead of them, including Brett Perriman and Michael Haynes.[27]

Following the draft, the team announced the signing of James Wilder Sr. to a new contract,<[27] and traded a 12th-round 1989 draft choice to the Indianapolis Colts for recently signed quarterback Joe Ferguson.[30] They also traded veteran tackle Ron Heller to the Seattle Seahawks for defensive lineman Randy Edwards and a 1989 draft pick. Heller requested the trade, apparently before an incident the previous season in which Perkins broke two fingers while punching Heller in the head.[31]

Preseason

[edit]

Before the season, Perkins identified linebacker and offensive line as the team's strengths, and safety, wide receiver, and defensive end as the team's biggest needs.[32] 74 players reported to the University of Tampa for the opening of training camp,[33] only twenty of whom were on the team when Perkins was hired,[5] and only three of whom (Gerald Carter, Joe Ferguson, and James Wilder) were 30 or older.[34] The team's leading tackler three of the last four years, linebacker Jeff Davis held out of training camp in a contract dispute. Perkins attempted to trade him, but Davis was considered by most teams to be past his peak, and there were no willing takers. With newly acquired Eugene Marve performing well, Perkins released Davis outright.[23] Davis was later signed by San Diego, but failed to make the team out of preseason.[35] Lacking a game-breaking receiver, the team pursued Ron Brown of the Rams, but eventually signed Patriots holdout Stephen Starring.[36] One of the defensive line questions was solved by the emergence of ninth-round draft pick Reuben Davis midway through camp. His preseason performance moved him ahead of John Cannon into a starting role.[37] Perkins reported difficulty finding a second safety to play along with Mark Robinson, until the Jets cut Harry Hamilton in a salary dispute.[38]

The team found signing its two top draft picks to be difficult. Paul Gruber's agent Ralph Cindrich made public statements to the effect that their contract offer was offensive, although executive Phil Krueger countered that the team's offer was higher than what Bennie Blades, the player drafted ahead of Gruber, had signed for; and that Cindrich was demanding that Gruber be paid more than first-overall pick Aundray Bruce.[39] Only when owner Hugh Culverhouse got involved in the negotiations did Gruber sign, ending a holdout that lasted for a month.[40] Gruber signed a five-year contract that not only made him the highest-paid offensive lineman in NFL history,[41] but it set a precedent for linemen to be paid on par with defensive stars, and was so much higher than the regular salary ceiling that it was expected to change the NFL's salary structure for offensive linemen.[42]

Perkins’ often-harsh treatment of players was in evidence as tight end Calvin Magee walked out of camp, due to pressure to lose 19 pounds in two weeks. Perkins refused to honor Magee's request for a trade, calling it a "cop-out".[43] Rookie fullback William Howard was singled out for his poor physical condition when he was the first to drop out of the 12-minute run on the first day of training camp, although Perkins later praised his toughness.[44] Perkins did, however, ease back from the three-a-day practices of the previous season's training camp, which had been described as the most difficult in NFL history.[45]

The second week of preseason saw the Buccaneers give up five sacks in a 23–3 loss to the Cleveland Browns. With near-daily changes to the offensive line due to injury, the team could not protect the passer, while their own pass rush was ineffective. Perkins said afterward that they didn't deserve to be called a football team.[46] Perkins repeated that assessment after a game against the Atlanta Falcons, which Tampa Bay lost 19–14 despite outgaining the Falcons 401–304. Perkins would name no more than five of the team's eighty players as having played well.[47] The game was followed by the cut of fifteen players, including Monte Robbins, a punter on whom the team had just spent a fourth-round draft pick.[48] Improvement was shown in the final exhibition game, a matchup with the Buffalo Bills at Vanderbilt Stadium in Nashville, but it still resulted in a winless preseason.[49] By the end of preseason, eight of the previous year's opening-day starters were no longer with the team, and four more had been demoted to backup roles.[50]

Schedule

[edit]
Week Date Opponent Result Record Game site Attendance Recap
1 August 6 Indianapolis Colts L 7–20 0–1 Tampa Stadium 44,258 Recap
2 August 13 Cleveland Browns L 3–23 0–2 Tampa Stadium 50,074 Recap
3 August 20 at Atlanta Falcons L 14–19 0–3 Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium 18,841 Recap
4 August 25 vs. Buffalo Bills L 7–14 0–4 Vanderbilt Stadium (Nashville, TN) 20,600 Recap

Regular season

[edit]

The Buccaneers entered the season with the worst five-year winning percentage of any NFL team since World War II, including the expansion Buccaneers and their 26-game losing streak.[51] They began the season with an embarrassing 41–14 loss to the Philadelphia Eagles, in which Vinny Testaverde was ineffective against the Eagles’ starters.[52] This was followed with surprisingly competitive performances against quality teams,[53] leading Perkins to reverse his previous estimation that the Buccaneers didn't deserve to be called a team.[54] Problems in pass defense became evident early, with Perkins reluctant to put his secondary in man-to-man coverage,[55] and no sacks through the first two games.[56] The team frequently had to play from behind, being outscored 71–0 in the first quarter through the first seven games. They did not score any first-quarter points until a matchup with the Vikings in the eighth week of the season,[57] but they outscored their opponents 61–14 in the fourth quarter in those seven games.[58] If the first quarter were not counted, the Buccaneers would have started the season 6–1 instead of 2–5.[59]

Perkins identified the team's main problem spots as turnovers, in which the Buccaneers led the NFL, and an inability to stop the pass on third downs.[60] He praised Testaverde's ability to come back from costly early errors and to perform well late in games as the sign of a potentially great quarterback.[61] However, Perkins’ insistence on a one-dimensional running attack displayed a lack of confidence in Testaverde, and was easy for opponents to defend against.[62] Perkins pointed to a late-season upset of the AFC-leading Buffalo Bills as evidence of the team's improvement through the season. This was confirmed by defensive lineman Kevin Kellin, who returned to the team after an 11-week absence to find their attitude changed.[63] The team ended on a strong note, winning two of three games. Their run defense, which had been ranked 21st in the league the previous year, improved to 4th in the NFL. Bruce Hill's 1,040 receiving yards were the second-highest total in team history, behind only Kevin House's 1,176. Mark Carrier's 970 receiving yards left the team 30 yards short of having only the seventh pair of 1,000-yard receivers in league history.[64][65]

Schedule

[edit]
Regular season
Week Date Opponent Result Game site Attendance Record
1 September 4 Philadelphia Eagles L 41–14 Tampa Stadium 43,502 0–1
2 September 11 at Green Bay Packers W 13–10 Lambeau Field 52,584 1–1
3 September 18 Phoenix Cardinals L 30–24 Tampa Stadium 35,034 1–2
4 September 25 at New Orleans Saints L 13–9 Louisiana Superdome 66,714 1–3
5 October 2 Green Bay Packers W 27–24 Tampa Stadium 40,003 2–3
6 October 9 at Minnesota Vikings L 14–13 Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome 55,274 2–4
7 October 16 at Indianapolis Colts L 35–31 Hoosier Dome 53,135 2–5
8 October 23 Minnesota Vikings L 49–20 Tampa Stadium 48,020 2–6
9 October 30 Miami Dolphins L 17–14 Tampa Stadium 67,352 2–7
10 November 6 at Chicago Bears L 28–10 Soldier Field 56,892 2–8
11 November 13 at Detroit Lions W 23–20 Pontiac Silverdome 25,956 3–8
12 November 20 Chicago Bears L 27–15 Tampa Stadium 67,070 3–9
13 November 27 at Atlanta Falcons L 17–10 Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium 14,020 3–10
14 December 4 Buffalo Bills W 10–5 Tampa Stadium 49,498 4–10
15 December 11 at New England Patriots L 10–7(OT) Sullivan Stadium 39,889 4–11
16 December 18 Detroit Lions W 21–10 Tampa Stadium 37,778 5–11

Notes:

a All times in North American Eastern Time. (UTC–4 and UTC–5 during Standard Time)

Standings

[edit]
NFC Central
W L T PCT DIV CONF PF PA STK
Chicago Bears(1) 12 4 0 .750 6–2 9–3 312 215 L1
Minnesota Vikings(4) 11 5 0 .688 6–2 9–3 406 233 W1
Tampa Bay Buccaneers 5 11 0 .313 4–4 4–8 261 350 W1
Detroit Lions 4 12 0 .250 2–6 3–11 220 315 L2
Green Bay Packers 4 12 0 .250 2–6 3–9 240 313 W2

1988 roster

[edit]
1988 Tampa Bay Buccaneers roster
Quarterbacks (QB)

Running backs (RB)

Wide receivers (WR)

Tight ends (TE)

Offensive linemen (OL)

Defensive linemen (DL)

Linebackers (LB)

Defensive backs (DB)

Special teams

Practice squad

none Reserve

Rookies in italics
47 active, 9 reserve

1988 team starters

Offense 

14 Vinny Testaverde             QB
34 Lars Tate                    RB
43 William Howard               FB
84 Bruce Hill                   WR
88 Mark Carrier                 WR
82 Ron Hall                     TE

74 Paul Gruber                  LT
68 Rick Mallory                 LG
60 Randy Grimes                 C
50 Dan Turk                     RG
72 Rob Taylor                   RT

Defense 

79 Reuben Davis                LDE
95 Curt Jarvis                 NT
90 Ron Holmes                  RDE

59 Kevin Murphy                LB
99 Eugene Marve                LB
53 Sidney Coleman              LB
57 Winston Moss                LB

29 Ricky Reynolds              LCB
36 Bobby Futrell               RCB/PR
30 Mark Robinson               SS
39 Harry Hamilton              FS

Kicking Team 

1 Donald Igwebuike             K
13 Ray Criswell                P
40 Donnie Elder                KR

Coaching staff

[edit]
Tampa Bay Buccaneers 1988 coaching staff
Front office

Head coaches

  • Vice president, head coach, and offensive coordinator – Ray Perkins

Offensive coaches

 

Defensive coaches

Special teams coaches

[66]

[67]

Game summaries

[edit]

Week 1: vs Philadelphia Eagles

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Eagles 21 13 7 0 41
Buccaneers 0 0 14 0 14

Sep 4, 1988 at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

The cheers that greeted Vinny Testaverde as he took the field turned to boos after his first three passes, all incompletions. The Philadelphia Eagles took a 34–0 halftime lead, aided by Testaverde's three interceptions, to which he added two more in the second half.[68] Randall Cunningham scored two touchdowns passing and one rushing before sitting out the second half, along with Anthony Toney, Mike Quick, Reggie White, and Keith Byars. Quick and Keith Jackson caught touchdown passes, while Toney rushed for one and Terry Hoage added to his two interceptions by scoring on a fake punt. It was the Eagles' highest point total since 1981.[69]

Week 2: at Green Bay Packers

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Buccaneers 0 10 0 3 13
Packers 10 0 0 0 10

Sep 11, 1988 at Lambeau Field, Green Bay, Wisconsin

The Buccaneers broke their nine-game losing streak with a 28-yard field goal by Donald Igwebuike on the final play of the game. Vinny Testaverde led a 56-yard drive to set up the kick, which followed Max Zendejas' missed 52-yard attempt. They capitalized on the Packers' mistake-prone play, which included a Brent Fullwood fumble that led to a Lars Tate touchdown run, and a late-game fourth-down conversion at the Buccaneer 35 that was called back by a penalty.[70] Packers nose tackle Jerry Boyarsky suffered a broken arm that required the insertion of a plate and caused him to miss the rest of the season. The injury left the Packers with only three healthy linemen, and required defensive end Blaise Winter to fill in at nose tackle.[71] Phil Epps also went on injured reserve with a broken wrist.[72] Tampa Bay linebacker Ervin Randle left the game with a shoulder injury and was replaced by rookie free agent Sidney Coleman, who made seven tackles, recovered a fumble, and was awarded a game ball.[73] Perkins later praised the team for continuing to fight, despite turning the ball over in Buccaneer territory on a Testaverde fumble late in the fourth quarter. He also reported pleasure with Testaverde's interception-free performance.[74]

Week 3: vs Phoenix Cardinals

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Cardinals 13 7 3 7 30
Buccaneers 0 3 7 14 24

Sep 18, 1988 at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

The Phoenix Cardinals took a 20–3 halftime lead, then withstood a Buccaneer rally to get their first win of the season. Cliff Stoudt played the second half in relief of Neil Lomax, who had a sore hip. Stoudt threw the game-winning touchdown, a 42-yard pass to Jay Novacek. That followed a play in which Lars Tate dove over the line, regained his feet, and ran 47 yards for a touchdown to give the Buccaneers their only lead of the game. The Buccaneers also scored on a James Wilder Sr. run and a Vinny Testaverde pass to Bruce Hill. Stump Mitchell rushed for 110 yards and a touchdown. The Cardinals 475 yards of offense nearly matched their highest total from the previous season.[75]

Week 4: at New Orleans Saints

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Buccaneers 0 6 0 3 9
Saints 10 3 0 0 13

Sep 25, 1988 at Louisiana Superdome, New Orleans

A Bobby Hebert first-quarter touchdown pass and two Morten Andersen field goals lifted the New Orleans Saints past the Buccaneers. The matchup faced Hebert, the NFC's highest-rated passer, against Testaverde, the NFC's lowest-rated. Testaverde was sacked four times and hurried repeatedly by a constant Saints pass rush, but was only intercepted once.[76] After failing to block several blitzers, Lars Tate was replaced with Kerry Goode, who led the team in rushing with ten carries for 44 yards in his NFL debut. Goode also ran for a touchdown which was erased by a penalty, and dropped a pass in the end zone.[77]

Week 5: vs Green Bay Packers

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Packers 3 7 7 7 24
Buccaneers 0 10 0 17 27

Oct 2, 1988, at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

The Buccaneers defeated the winless Packers with a fourth-quarter rally led by Vinny Testaverde, who tied the game with a 19-yard touchdown pass to Bruce Hill. Donald Igwebuike kicked the winning field goal with 12 seconds remaining. A strong defense made up for the Buccaneers' early lack of offense. An apparent fumble return touchdown by Kevin Murphy was called back when the officials ruled the ball dead, but he intercepted a Randy Wright pass for a 35-yard touchdown on the next play. The offense improved in the second half, when the Buccaneers placed more emphasis on their running game.[78] Testaverde passed for 300 yards, including a stretch of six consecutive completions that gained 107 yards and the touchdown to Hill, and threw two potential touchdowns that were dropped by Mark Carrier in the end zone. Perkins later praised Testaverde for keeping his poise instead of getting frustrated after throwing four interceptions, and said that it was the most physical game the Buccaneer defense had played with him as coach.[61]

Week 6: at Minnesota Vikings

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Buccaneers 0 10 0 3 13
Vikings 7 0 7 0 14

Oct 9, 1988, at Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, Minneapolis

The Buccaneers took a 10–7 halftime lead, after controlling the ball for 12:17 of a second quarter in which they allowed the Vikings only three offensive plays. A third-quarter James Wilder fumble set up the Vikings' second touchdown. Stephen Starring caught a late Hail Mary pass that put the Buccaneers in range for a game-winning field goal, but confusion over the play call allowed time to run out before the kick could be made. Perkins accepted blame for the loss, saying that he had not prepared the team for that specific situation; but players said that he should not take the blame, and that the score should not have been close given the number of mistakes made. Kerry Goode led the team in rushing, with 82 yards on 14 carries. The loss denied Tampa Bay the opportunity to tie the Vikings for second place in the NFC Central.[53]

Week 7: at Indianapolis Colts

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Buccaneers 0 10 0 21 31
Colts 7 14 14 0 35

Oct 16, 1988, at Hoosier Dome, Indianapolis

Vinny Testaverde set a new career high of 469 passing yards in a second-half rally that overwhelmed the Colts' defense, but was not enough to overcome the Buccaneers’ early errors. The Buccaneers gave up three sacks, were penalized 10 times for 86 yards, and allowed the Colts to score touchdowns on five consecutive possessions. Eric Dickerson rushed for two touchdowns, and Eugene Daniel returned an interception for another.[79] Indianapolis rookie quarterback Chris Chandler threw a 28-yard touchdown pass to Bill Brooks and rushed for another, and was able to evade several potential sacks to gain first downs rushing. Still, the Buccaneers' comeback hopes ended only when a potential Bruce Hill pass reception on fourth-and-two with 59 seconds left was defensed by ex-Buccaneer John Holt, with Holt making contact with Hill but not drawing a flag.[80] Hill caught two touchdowns and a career-high 162 yards, which gave him a season yardage total second only to Jerry Rice in the NFC. Right guard Dan Turk suffered a knee injury, and was replaced in the lineup by rookie John Bruhin.[81] Ron Hall had 7 catches for 121 yards. Don Smith and Lars Tate each rushed for a touchdown, although fullback James Wilder missed the game with an injury and the Buccaneers rushed for a season-low 39 yards.[80]

Testaverde's 469 yards were a career-high (including high school, college, and professional play),[80] the second-most in club history, tenth-most in NFL history, and the most thrown in a game since Ken O'Brien's 479 in 1986. It was the second-best performance by a second-year quarterback in NFL history, next to Dan Marino's 470 yards in 1984.[82] His 340-second-half yards are a club single-half record, and his .595 completion percentage was the best in his career to date. The performance raised his passer rating enough to move him out of last place in the NFC, raised his season completion percentage above .500 for the first time, and left him leading all NFL quarterbacks in both yardage (1,839) and interceptions (16) thrown.[81][83]

Week 8: vs Minnesota Vikings

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Vikings 7 21 7 14 49
Buccaneers 10 0 3 7 20

Oct 23, 1988, at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

The Buccaneers scored their first first-quarter points of the season en route to an early 10–7 lead, before Vinny Testaverde's six interceptions led to a 49–20 Vikings victory. The six interceptions set a Vikings club record. The Buccaneers committed a total of seven turnovers, all of which led to Vikings touchdowns.[57] Some players were angered over printed comments that several Vikings players considered the Buccaneers to be a mediocre team, and so had taken them lightly on their first meeting.[84] The interceptions gave Testaverde 22 for the season, putting him on pace to break George Blanda's NFL record of 42.[21] The performance came one week after Testaverde's 469-yard game against Indianapolis, which had led him to speak of "turning the corner" in his pro career.[85]

Week 9: vs Miami Dolphins

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Dolphins 0 0 17 0 17
Buccaneers 0 0 0 14 14

Oct 30, 1988, at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

A combination of the previous week's poor performance and a back injury led to Vinny Testaverde's surprise replacement by Joe Ferguson as the starter. Ferguson completed 26-of-37 passes for 291 yards and two touchdowns, and nearly led a fourth-quarter comeback. For the second week in a row, Buccaneer turnovers led to all of an opponent's scores. This time, running backs Kerry Goode, Lars Tate, and William Howard combined for four fumbles, leaving the team with a −20 giveaway/takeaway ratio for the season. The Dolphins scored on two touchdown passes from Dan Marino to Mark Clayton, and a Tony Franklin field goal.[86]

Week 10: at Chicago Bears

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Buccaneers 0 3 7 0 10
Bears 0 14 14 0 28

Nov 6, 1988 at Soldier Field, Chicago

The Bears played the game with Mike Tomczak replacing the injured Jim McMahon at quarterback, and with Vince Tobin filling in for head coach Mike Ditka, who was in a hospital recovering from a mild heart attack suffered the previous week. Tomczak completed 18 of 26 passes for 269 yards, including 4 completions for 87 yards and a touchdown to Dennis McKinnon. Thomas Sanders and Neal Anderson scored on one-yard runs. The touchdown to McKinnon was the Bears' first third-quarter touchdown of the season. The Buccaneers scored on a 21-yard touchdown pass from Vinny Testaverde to Bruce Hill. Testaverde completed 22 of 52 passes for 305 yards. He was intercepted twice, but Perkins praised Testaverde's performance, saying that he played with "more discipline and more control"[87] than in his six-interception performance on Oct. 23. The Buccaneers had early success running against the Bears' top-ranked run defense, but fell behind as the Bears came to life following Donald Igwebuike's 45-yard second-quarter field goal. The Buccaneers were able to hold the Bears to only 69 yards rushing, although Bears players later attributed their avoidance of the ground game to the ease with which they were able to pass.[88] The game was played on the occasion of Ray Perkins' 47th birthday.[87]

Week 11: at Detroit Lions

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Buccaneers 7 3 0 13 23
Lions 10 0 0 10 20

Nov 13, 1988 at Pontiac Silverdome, Pontiac, Michigan

Lars Tate, Kerry Goode, and William Howard combined for 223 yards rushing, which allowed Vinny Testaverde to overcome his early struggles. Testaverde passed for a season-low 107 yards, but was 5-for-5 in the second half, including a 26-yard pass to Bruce Hill with 16 seconds left that set up Donald Igwebuike's winning field goal. Tate's 106 yards rushing made him the first Buccaneer to rush for over 100 yards since James Wilder's 130-yard performance against the Lions two years prior. Howard rushed for 78 yards on 16 carries, in front of a crowd of 250 supporters who had driven to Detroit from his Lima, Ohio, hometown. Testaverde celebrated his 25th birthday with the win.[89] Ron Holmes suffered a season-ending knee injury.[60] The crowd of 25,956 was the smallest non-strike attendance in Silverdome history, and was the smallest Detroit crowd since a 1951 game against the New York Yanks in Briggs Stadium drew 21,807 fans.[90] The loss resulted in Lions owner William Clay Ford firing head coach Darryl Rogers, and replacing him with former Buccaneer defensive coordinator Wayne Fontes.[91]

Week 12: vs Chicago Bears

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Bears 14 7 0 6 27
Buccaneers 3 3 0 9 15

Nov 20, 1988 at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

The Buccaneers suffered their twelfth consecutive loss to the Bears, as Neal Anderson rushed for two first-quarter touchdowns, and Mike Tomczak threw a 40-yard touchdown to Brad Muster.[92] The Buccaneers matched up well statistically with the Bears, but were unable to overcome the early deficit due to mistake-prone play and a poor game from Vinny Testaverde.[93] The Bears also had problems with mistakes, committing four turnovers, and giving up a safety (the first safety in Buccaneers history) due to a bad snap on a punt. The Buccaneers were able to rush for 168 yards against the Bears' top-ranked defense, more than double the total usually allowed by the Bears.[94] Donald Igwebuike suffered a season-ending groin injury while tackling Dennis Gentry on a third-quarter kickoff return.[95]

Week 13: at Atlanta Falcons

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Buccaneers 0 0 10 0 10
Falcons 3 7 0 7 17

Nov 27, 1988 at Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, Atlanta

The Buccaneers entered the game with the NFL's fourth-ranked run defense, but the Falcons were able to match the season-high rushing total of 181 yards that had been previously set by the Cardinals on September 18. John Settle broke several tackles in a 48-yard run, the longest against the Buccaneers all season, which set up Chris Miller's game-winning 37-yard touchdown pass to Michael Haynes. Gerald Riggs rushed for 98 yards, while Settle gained 83. The Buccaneers outgained the Falcons in total yardage, but dropped passes and committed penalties and turnovers at key times. Vinny Testaverde's three interceptions gave him an NFL-leading total of 31 for the season. The game was played in a downpour, in front of an NFL season-low crowd of 14,020.[96]

Calvin Magee suffered a season-ending knee injury, and was replaced by Jeff Parks, who had spent parts of the 1986–1988 seasons with the Oilers and the Packers. The team also cut wide receiver Joey Clinkscales, and replaced him with speedy former Vikings receiver Jeff Richardson.[97]

Week 14: vs Buffalo Bills

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Bills 0 0 2 3 5
Buccaneers 0 10 0 0 10

Dec 4, 1988 at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

Vinny Testaverde's only turnover-free game of the season helped the Buccaneers to upset the Buffalo Bills, who entered the game with the AFC's best record, and whose only previous defeats had come against division leaders Chicago and Cincinnati.[98] Testaverde scored the game's only touchdown on a 4-yard run, while John Carney contributed a 39-yard field goal.[99] Perkins later praised Testaverde's performance as "one of the greatest games I've ever seen a quarterback play".[100] Jim Kelly was the victim of several dropped passes, and threw an interception in the final minute. Bruce Smith sacked Testaverde for a safety. The Bills committed 12 penalties for 100 yards. It was the first time since 1984 that Tampa Bay won a game against a team with a winning record.[101]

Week 15: at New England Patriots

[edit]
1 2 3 4OT Total
Buccaneers 0 0 0 70 7
Patriots 0 0 7 03 10

Dec 11, 1988 at Sullivan Stadium, Foxboro, Massachusetts

Despite entering the game with a 2–16 record in cold-weather games,[102] the Buccaneers took the Patriots into overtime. The Buccaneers won the overtime coin toss, but based on the team's defensive performance to that point, Perkins decided to kick off in overtime to get the advantage of having the 25-mph wind at their backs.[103] The unusual move backfired, as a pair of Irving Fryar receptions set up Jason Staurovsky's 27-yard field goal that won the game for the Patriots without the Buccaneers ever getting a chance to touch the ball. It was the first overtime win in franchise history for the Patriots, who were facing playoff elimination with a loss.[63] New England's touchdown came on a 6-yard run by Robert Perryman. Vinny Testaverde threw his 32nd interception, which tied Fran Tarkenton's 10-year-old NFC record. Testaverde also threw a touchdown to Mark Carrier for the Buccaneers' only score, although a John Carney field goal was called back due to a tripping penalty on Jackie Walker. Roland James caught Testaverde's interception at the Patriots' 6-yard line, while Harry Hamilton intercepted a Tony Eason pass at the Buccaneers' 1-yard line, and Ricky Reynolds caught another in the end zone. Despite the disappointing loss, players reported feeling upbeat, due to their victory over a playoff team followed by a solid performance against another contender.[104]

Week 16: vs Detroit Lions

[edit]
1 2 3 4 Total
Lions 0 0 10 0 10
Buccaneers 7 7 0 7 21

Dec 18, 1988 at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida

Abandoning their conservative running game of recent weeks, the Buccaneers passed on 10 of their first 16 plays. The early result was that Testaverde was sacked four times, and threw three interceptions for a season total of 35, a record for both the team and the NFC. However, he rebounded to throw a career-high three touchdown passes.[65] Lions quarterback Rusty Hilger was sacked twice by Shaun Lee, and once by John Cannon. Donnie Elder, Harry Hamilton, and Mark Robinson all intercepted Hilger. Bruce Hill caught a touchdown and passed the 1,000-yard receiving mark, while Mark Carrier caught two and fell just short of 1,000 yards.[64]

Awards and records

[edit]

Milestones

[edit]

Vinny Testaverde, most team single-season interceptions thrown (35)
Vinny Testaverde, most team season 300-yard passing games (4, tied Doug Williams' 1980 and 1981 marks, matched by Brad Johnson in 2003)
Vinny Testaverde, most team single-half passing yards (340 vs. Indianapolis on 10/16)
Bruce Hill, most team single-season receiving touchdowns (9, tied Kevin House's 1981 mark, broken by Joey Galloway's 10 in 2005 and Mike Williams' 11 in 2010)
Lars Tate, most team rookie touchdowns (8, broken in 2010 by Mike Williams)
Team defense, fewest season rushing yards allowed (1,551, broken in 1999)
Team defense, lowest season rushing average allowed (3.24)
Team, fewest season punts (68, tied 1984 mark)
Team defense, most points allowed in a home game (49 vs. Minnesota on 10/23)
Team defense, most first-quarter points allowed (21 vs. Philadelphia on 9/4)
[83]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Steele, David. "Thrifty Bucs rank last in average player salary". St. Petersburg Times. 24 Feb 1988
  2. ^ ‘Buccaneers sue Miami's Green’. Ocala Star-Banner. 23 April 1988
  3. ^ Wire reports. "McKay, Perry picked for Hall of Fame". The Spokane Chronicle. 21 Jan 1988
  4. ^ Luttermoser, John. "Mini-camp? One Buc Place set for maximum occupancy". St. Petersburg Times. 1 June 1988
  5. ^ a b Associated Press. ‘Young Bucs are getting younger under Perkins’. The Daytona Beach News-Journal. 10 July 1988
  6. ^ Luttermoser, John. ‘Powell says Buccaneers treated him fairly’. St. Petersburg Times. 29 Jan 1988
  7. ^ "Jets Cleared on Powell". The New York Times. 1 Sep 1988
  8. ^ ‘Brophy is one of 10 free agents signed by Buccaneers’. St. Petersburg Times. 19 Feb 1988
  9. ^ a b Associated Press. ‘Buccaneers ship DeBerg to Chiefs’. Ocala Star-Banner. 1 April 1988
  10. ^ Zucco, Tom. ‘Bucs’ deal takes away safety net’. St. Petersburg Times. 1 April 1988
  11. ^ Luttermoser, John. ‘Bucs’ new safety knows how an All-Pro performs’. St. Petersburg Times. 1 April 1988
  12. ^ Zier, Patrick. ‘Brantley, Yarno, Kemp released by Buccaneers’. The Lakeland Ledger. 28 May 1988
  13. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘Bucs waive four players’. St. Petersburg Times. 10 May 1988
  14. ^ Wire reports. ‘Bucs release fourth-year offensive lineman Goode’. St. Petersburg Times. 17 May 1988
  15. ^ DeStefano, Chris. ‘Muster, Davis to Miss Camp’. The Palm Beach Post. 18 May 1988
  16. ^ Wire reports. ‘Bucs are looking at Chandler, agent says’. St. Petersburg Times. 27 May 1988
  17. ^ Associated Press. ‘Comings and Goings’. The New York Times. 15 Jun 1988
  18. ^ Hornack, Ken. ‘Bills’ loss is Bucs’ Marve-lous gain’. The Daytona Beach News-Journal. 3 August 1988
  19. ^ Associated Press. "Tampa Bay releases Jeff Davis". The Gainesville Sun. 20 July 1988
  20. ^ Associated Press. "All in the family". The Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal. 5 May 1988
  21. ^ a b George, Dave. ‘As Vinny struggles, are Bucs getting their bucks’ worth?’ The Palm Beach Post. 25 Oct 1988
  22. ^ a b c d Luttermoser, John. ‘Bucs put No. 1 on the line’. St. Petersburg Times. 25 Apr 1988
  23. ^ a b Sheppard, Jack. ‘Bucs cut five-year starter Davis’. St. Petersburg Times. 20 Jul 1988
  24. ^ Mizell, Hubert. ‘Perkins’ pick shows fans his priorities’. St. Petersburg Times. 25 April 1988
  25. ^ George, Thomas. ‘Lots of Surprises After First Pick’. 'The New York Times'. 25 April 1988
  26. ^ Litsky, Frank. "Giants Beef Up the Line". The New York Times. 25 April 1988
  27. ^ a b c Luttermoser, John. ‘Culverhouse didn't know No. 1 secret’. St. Petersburg Times. 26 April 1988
  28. ^ Goodall, Fred. ‘Perkins hopes his former player will be "Goode" choice’. The Daytona Beach News-Journal. 26 April 1988
  29. ^ Goens, Mike. ‘Lee wakes up Bucs’ draft; Chargers get Phillips’. The Florence Times-Daily. 26 April 1988
  30. ^ Wire services. ‘Colt traded; Staubach trying to buy Cowboys’. The Modesto Bee. 30 April 1988
  31. ^ Associated Press. "Bucs deal Heller to Seahawks for Edwards, pick". The Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal. 5 May 1988
  32. ^ Zier, Patrick. "Perkins looks for defensive leadership". The Lakeland Ledger. 5 July 1988
  33. ^ Associated Press. ‘Tampa's Perkins gets down to business’. The Boca Raton News. 12 Jul 1988
  34. ^ Hornack, Ken. "Youth, inexperience haunt Bucs". The Daytona Beach News Journal. 27 Aug 1988
  35. ^ "Transactions". The (New London, Conn.) Day. 30 August 1988
  36. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. "Bucs give up on Brown, pursue deal with Starring". St. Petersburg Times. 24 August 1988
  37. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. "Making team, and then some". St. Petersburg Times. 30 August 1988
  38. ^ Eskenazi, Gerald. "Jets keep making changes". The New York Times. 12 August 1988
  39. ^ Associated Press. ‘Bucs struggling to get No. 1 pick signed’. Ocala Star-Banner. 19 July 1988
  40. ^ Associated Press. "Bucs reel in 290-pound Gruber". Ocala Star-Banner. 8 August 1988
  41. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘Gruber signs on the Bucs’ dotted line’. St. Petersburg Times. 8 August 1988
  42. ^ Wire reports. ‘Bucs sign Bob Gagliano’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 13 August 1988
  43. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. "Magee walks out, says he wants trade or release". St. Petersburg Times. 27 July 1988
  44. ^ Huang, Nathan. ‘Bucs’ Rookie Howard Quick To Feel the Heat’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 15 July 1988
  45. ^ Wire services. ‘Bucs’ taskmaster eases on the whip – slightly’. Ocala Star-Banner. 11 July 1988
  46. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘Perkins says Bucs not ready to be called football team’. St. Petersburg Times. 15 August 1988
  47. ^ Romano, John. ‘Perkins remains perturbed at team's performance’. St. Petersburg Times. 22 August 1988
  48. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘Bucs cut 15, including No. 4 pick Robbins’. St. Petersburg Times. 23 August 1988
  49. ^ Leone, Tim. ‘Bucs End Preseason On Losing Note, 14–7’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 26 August 1988
  50. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘What a difference a year makes in Bucs’ starting lineup’. St. Petersburg Times. 31 August 1988
  51. ^ Scanlon, Dick. ‘Sooner or later, Bucs must start improving’. The Lakeland Ledger. 28 August 1988
  52. ^ Lea, Bud. ‘Tampa's Testaverde flops on center stage’. The Milwaukee Sentinel. 7 Sep 1988
  53. ^ a b Leone, Tim. ‘Bucs Pass the Time Away With 14–13 Loss’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 10 Oct 1988
  54. ^ Romano, John. ‘Perkins: Bucs are finally a "team"’. St. Petersburg Times. 22 Sep 1988
  55. ^ Zier, Patrick. ‘Bucs playing poorly in first half’. The Lakeland Ledger. 20 Sep 1988
  56. ^ Romano, John. "Monday morning quarterback". St. Petersburg Times. 12 Sep 1988
  57. ^ a b Pino, Mark. ‘Cheers soon turn to jeers for Buccaneers’. Ocala Star-Banner. 24 Oct 1988
  58. ^ Associated Press. ‘Bucs’ loss too familiar’. The Boca Raton News. 18 Oct 1988
  59. ^ Leone, Tim. ‘Bucs are Late Out of the Gate’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 18 Oct 1988
  60. ^ a b Zier, Patrick. ‘Buccaneers must avoid mistakes against Chicago’. Ocala Star-Banner. 18 Nov 1988
  61. ^ a b Associated Press. ‘Testaverde shows plenty of poise in Buccaneers’ comeback victory’. Ocala Star-Banner. 4 Oct 1988
  62. ^ Zucco, Tom. "Buccaneers were wrong to handcuff Vinny". St. Petersburg Times. 21 Nov 1988
  63. ^ a b Zucco, Tom. ‘Bucs’ luck is bound to turn around’. St. Petersburg Times. 12 Dec 1988
  64. ^ a b Pino, Mark. ‘Bucs close season on high note’. Ocala Star-Banner. 19 Dec 1988
  65. ^ a b Pino, Mark. ‘Buccaneers enjoy season's finest moment’. Ocala Star-Banner. 19 Dec 1988
  66. ^ "The 1987 Buccaneer Coaching Staff". buckpower.com. Archived from the original on November 1, 2009. Retrieved September 26, 2009.
  67. ^ "All-Time Coaches". buckpower.com. Archived from the original on September 16, 2009. Retrieved September 26, 2009.
  68. ^ Biggane, Brian. "Testaverde gets boos for his boo-boos". The Palm Beach Post. 5 Sep 1988
  69. ^ Hornack, Ken. "Eagles embarrass Bucs in opener". The Daytona Beach News Journal. 5 Sep 1988
  70. ^ Gano, Rick. "Testaverde steers Bucs past Packers". Ocala Star-Banner. 11 Sep 1988
  71. ^ Christl, Cliff. "Packers seeking reinforcements". The Milwaukee Journal. 13 Sep 1988
  72. ^ Sauerberg, George. "Broken wrist to keep Epps out for 4 weeks". The Milwaukee Journal. 13 Sep 1988
  73. ^ Wire services. "Randle may miss Phoenix". The Daytona Beach News-Journal. 15 Sep 1988
  74. ^ Associated Press. "Perkins hoping rare win boosts Bucs' confidence". Ocala Star-Banner. 13 Sep 1988
  75. ^ Associated Press. "Cards hang on; beat Bucs". The Prescott Courier. 19 Sep 1988
  76. ^ Wilson, Austin. "Hebert passes Saints past Buccaneers". Ocala Star-Banner. 26 Sep 1988
  77. ^ Leone, Tim. "Goode Resurfaces Against Saints". The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 39 Sep 1988
  78. ^ Pino, Mark. "Bucs stay cool in the clutch". Ocala Star-Banner. 3 Oct 1988
  79. ^ Associated Press. ‘Testaverde loses battle to Colts’. Ocala Star-Banner. 17 Oct 1988
  80. ^ a b c Leone, Tim. ‘Bucs: Another Rally Falls Short 35–31’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 17 Oct 1988
  81. ^ a b Leone, Tim. ‘Testaverde Starting To Show Promise’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 18 Oct 1988
  82. ^ Pino, Mark. ‘Bucs looking for right start against Vikings’. Ocala Star-Banner. 23 Oct 1988
  83. ^ a b Tampa Bay Buccaneers Public Relations Department. ‘Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2010 Media Guide’
  84. ^ Associated Press. ‘Bucs try to score early and late against Vikings’. The Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal. 23 Oct 1988
  85. ^ Associated Press. ‘Vikings deep six Vinny's hopes’. The Gainesville Sun. 24 Oct 1988
  86. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘Ferguson can't save Bucs’. St. Petersburg Times. 31 Oct 1988
  87. ^ a b Mooshil, Joe. ‘Ailing Ditka sees Chicago roll, 28–10’. Ocala Star-Banner. 7 Nov 1988
  88. ^ Buckley, Tim. ‘This time, Bears won it on the ground’. St. Petersburg Times. 21 Nov 1988
  89. ^ Mizell, Hubert. ‘Run attack puts Vinny in back seat’. St. Petersburg Times. 14 Nov 1988
  90. ^ Associated Press. ‘Tampa Bay bags a rare victory, 23–20, over Detroit’. The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 14 Nov 1988
  91. ^ Atkins, Harry. ‘Detroit owner fires coach after loss to lowly Tampa Bay’. The Deseret News. 14–15 Nov 1988
  92. ^ Associated Press. ‘With victory, Bears go 10–2’. The New York Times. 21 Nov 1988
  93. ^ Pino, Mike. ‘Bears put squeeze on Bucs’. Ocala Star-Banner. 21 Nov 1988
  94. ^ Sheppard, Jack. ‘Level best?’. St. Petersburg Times. 21 Nov 1988
  95. ^ Goodall, Fred. ‘Buccaneers kicker to miss 3-4 weeks’. The Gainesville Sun. 22 Nov 1988
  96. ^ Leone, Tim. ‘Splish, Splash...Buccaneers Take Weekly Bath 17–10’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 28 Nov 1988
  97. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘Bucs lose Magee, sign two other players’. St. Petersburg Times. 1 Dec 1988
  98. ^ ‘Buffalo at Tampa Bay’. The Spartanburg Herald-Journal. 3 Dec 1988
  99. ^ Goodall, Fred. "Testaverde error-free in Bucs’ upset of Bills". The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 5 Dec 1988
  100. ^ Associated Press. ‘Vinny was at his best because he won’. The Miami News. 6 Dec 1988
  101. ^ Associated Press. ‘Bills hoping a victory is the cure’. The Miami News. 6 Dec 1988
  102. ^ Leone, Tim. ‘Buccaneers Hope To Avoid Freeze-Out in New England’. The Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 10 Dec 1988
  103. ^ Wilson, Jon. ‘Perkins stands by decision to kick off’. St. Petersburg Times. 13 Dec 1988
  104. ^ Kaufman, Michelle. ‘New England 10–7 winner’. St. Petersburg Times. 13 Dec 1988
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