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List of events
Events from the year 1834 in the United States.
- Andrew Stevenson (D-Virginia) (until June 2)
- John Bell (Whig-Tennessee) (starting June 2)
- January 9 – Wilkinson Call, U.S. Senator from Florida from 1879 to 1897 (died 1910)
- January 15 – Samuel Arza Davenport, politician (died 1911)
- February 27 – Charles C. Carpenter, admiral (died 1899)
- March 4 – James W. McDill, U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1881 to 1883 (died 1894)
- March 5
- March 15 – John K. Bucklyn, Medal of Honor recipient (died 1906)
- March 20 – Charles W. Eliot, president of Harvard University (died 1926)
- March 24 – John Wesley Powell, explorer (died 1902)
- March 27 – Melissa Elizabeth Banta, poet, travel writer (died 1907)
- April 1 – Big Jim Fisk, entrepreneur (died 1872)
- April 5 – Frank R. Stockton, short story writer (died 1902)
- April 26 – Charles Farrar Browne ("Artemus Ward"), humorist (died 1867)
- June 22 – William Chester Minor, Ceylonese-born surgeon and lexicographer (died 1920)
- June 24 – George Arnold, writer and poet (died 1865)
- June 28 – Samuel Pasco, British-born U.S. Senator from Florida from 1887 to 1899 (died 1917)
- July 10 – James Abbott McNeill Whistler, painter and etcher (died 1903 in the United Kingdom)
- July 19 – Benjamin F. Jonas, U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1879 to 1885 (died 1911)
- August 22 – Samuel Pierpont Langley, astronomer, physicist and aeronautics pioneer (died 1906)
- August 27 – James B. Eustis, U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1876 to 1879 and from 1885 to 1891 (died 1899)
- September 5 – John G. Carlisle, U.S. Senator from Kentucky from 1890 to 1893 (died 1910)
- September 6 – Samuel Arnold, conspirator involved in the plot to kidnap U.S. President Abraham Lincoln in 1865 (died 1906)
- October 6 – Walter Kittredge, composer (died 1905)
- October 9 – Rufus Blodgett, U.S. Senator from New Jersey from 1887 to 1893 (died 1910)
- October 31 – Knowles Shaw, evangelist and hymnwriter (died 1878 in railroad accident)
- November 21 – Hetty Green, businesswoman (died 1916)
- November 24 – Susan Hammond Barney, American social activist and evangelist (died 1922)
- December 6 – Henry W. Blair, U.S. Senator from New Hampshire from 1879 to 1891 (died 1920)
- December 15 – Charles Augustus Young, astronomer (died 1908)
- December 24 – Charles W. Jones, Ireland-born U.S. Senator from Florida from 1875 to 1887 (died 1897)
- February 2 – Lorenzo Dow, minister (born 1777)
- February 18 – William Wirt, 9th United States Attorney General (born 1772)
- February 28 – Isaac D. Barnard, U.S. Senator from 1827 to 1831 (born 1791)
- May 20 – Marquis de Lafayette, French aristocrat and military officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War, died in France (born 1757 in France)
- July 26 - Jonathan Jennings, first governor of Indiana (born 1784)
- August 24 – William Kelly, U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1822 to 1825 (born 1786)
- September 15 – William H. Crawford, politician and judge (born 1772)
- October 10 – Thomas Say, naturalist (born 1787)
- October 31 Éleuthère Irénée du Pont, chemical manufacturer (born 1771 in France)
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