Eighteen-spotted ladybird

Eighteen-spotted ladybird
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Family:	Coccinellidae
Genus:	Myrrha
Species:	M. octodecimguttata
Binomial name
	Myrrha octodecimguttata; (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subspecies
	M. o. octodecimguttata (Linnaeus, 1758); M. o. formosa (Costa, 1849);

The eighteen-spotted ladybird (Myrrha octodecimguttata), or 18-spot ladybird, is a species of beetle in the genus Myrrha in the ladybird family that lives primarily in pine forests and mixed (deciduous/conifer) forests inhabiting the upper part of the canopy and feeding on aphids.^[1] They favour old pines and breed in the crowns of pine trees in Germany ^[2] M. octodecimguttata also occurs on high bogs (West Siberian Plain, East Siberian taiga)^[3] Adults overwinter in aggregations under peeled-off bark and in crevices at the bases of old pine trunks.^[4] It is usually 4 to 5 millimetres (0.16 to 0.20 in) in length.^[5]^[6]

Distribution

Europe, North Africa. European Russia, the Caucasus, Siberia, the Russian Far East, Belarus, Ukraine, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, Western Asia, Mongolia.^[7]^[8]

References

^ lablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. 1982. Les Coccinelles Coleopteres- Coccinellidae Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee. Paris. 568 pp.
^ Klausnitzer, B. 1968. Zur Biologic von Myrrha octodecimguttata (L.) (Col. Coccinellidae). Entomol. Nachr. 12: 102-104.
^ Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S.M., A Review of the Family Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of the Fauna of the USSR., Zoologicheskii Sbornik Instituta Zoologii Armyanskoi SSR. Yerevan 19, 94–161 (1983)
^ Koch, K., Die Käfer Mitteleuropas, Ökologie. Vol. 2 (Goecke und Evers Verlag, Krefeld, 1989)
^ "Ladybirds of the UK" (PDF). Ladybird-Survey.org. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
^ "Ladybirds". Eakringbirds.com.
^ N. B. Nikitsky and А. S. Ukrainsky, 2016 The Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Moscow Province ISSN 0013-8738, Entomological Review, 2016, Vol. 96, No. 6, pp. 710–735 ISSN 0013-8738 online pdf
^ Fauna Europaea

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[1] -Khnzorian, S. M. 1982. Les Coccinelles Coleopteres- Coccinellidae Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee. Paris. 568 pp.

[2] Klausnitzer, B. 1968. Zur Biologic von Myrrha octodecimguttata (L.) (Col. Coccinellidae). Entomol. Nachr. 12: 102-104.

[3] Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S.M., A Review of the Family Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of the Fauna of the USSR., Zoologicheskii Sbornik Instituta Zoologii Armyanskoi SSR. Yerevan 19, 94–161 (1983)

[4] Koch, K., Die Käfer Mitteleuropas, Ökologie. Vol. 2 (Goecke und Evers Verlag, Krefeld, 1989)

[5] "Ladybirds of the UK" (PDF). Ladybird-Survey.org. Retrieved June 8, 2011.

[6] "Ladybirds". Eakringbirds.com.

[7] N. B. Nikitsky and А. S. Ukrainsky, 2016 The Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) of Moscow Province ISSN 0013-8738, Entomological Review, 2016, Vol. 96, No. 6, pp. 710–735 ISSN 0013-8738 online pdf

[8] Fauna Europaea

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