Glycerol 2-phosphate

Glycerol 2-phosphate
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 1,3-Dihydroxypropan-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate
	Other names 1,2,3-Propanetriol, 2-(dihydrogen phosphate); Glycerol 2-phosphate; β-Glycerophosphate; β-Phosphoglycerol; BGP
Identifiers
CAS Number	17181-54-3;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:17270;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1232903;
ChemSpider	2431;
DrugBank	DB01779;
ECHA InfoCard	100.037.465
EC Number	241-228-2;
KEGG	C02979;
MeSH	Beta-glycerophosphoric+acid
PubChem CID	2526;
UNII	WWH06G87W6;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1023106 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C3H9O6P/c4-1-3(2-5)9-10(6,7)8/h3-5H,1-2H2,(H2,6,7,8) Key: DHCLVCXQIBBOPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES C(C(CO)OP(=O)(O)O)O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C3H9O6P
Molar mass	172.073 g·mol−1
Appearance	forms colorless salts
Related compounds
Related organophosphates	Glycerol 1-phosphate; Glycerol 3-phosphate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Glycerol 2-phosphate is the conjugate base of phosphoric ester of glycerol. It is commonly known as β-glycerophosphate or BGP. Unlike glycerol 1-phosphate and glycerol 3-phosphate, this isomer is not chiral. It is also less common.

Applications

β-Glycerophosphate is an inhibitor of the enzyme serine-threonine phosphatase. It is often used in combination with other phosphatase/protease inhibitors for broad spectrum inhibition.^[1]^[2]

β-Glycerophosphate is also used to drive osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells in vitro.^[3]

β-Glycerophosphate is used to buffer M17 media for Lactococcus culture in recombinant protein expression.^[4]

Notes

^ "β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
^ "Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitors". Thermo Fisher Scientific. Retrieved 2018-05-30.
^ Langenbach & Handschel (2013). "Effects of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro". Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 4 (5): 117. doi:10.1186/scrt328. PMC 3854789. PMID 24073831.
^ Terzaghi & Sandine (1975). "Improved medium for lactic streptococci and their bacteriophages". Applied Microbiology. 29 (6): 807–813. doi:10.1128/AM.29.6.807-813.1975. PMC 187084. PMID 16350018.

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[1] "β-Glycerophosphate disodium salt hydrate". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2018-05-30.

[2] "Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitors". Thermo Fisher Scientific. Retrieved 2018-05-30.

[3] Langenbach & Handschel (2013). "Effects of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid and β-glycerophosphate on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro". Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 4 (5): 117. doi:10.1186/scrt328. PMC 3854789. PMID 24073831.

[4] Terzaghi & Sandine (1975). "Improved medium for lactic streptococci and their bacteriophages". Applied Microbiology. 29 (6): 807–813. doi:10.1128/AM.29.6.807-813.1975. PMC 187084. PMID 16350018.

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